Abstract：
The mesolimbic system and basal forebrain (BF) are implicated in processing rewards and punishment, but their interplay and functional properties of subregions with respect to future social outcomes remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated regional responses and interregional functional connectivity of the lateral (l), medial (m), and ventral (v) Substantia Nigra (SN), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc), Nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), and Medial Septum/Diagonal Band (MS/DB) during reward and punishment anticipation in a social incentive delay task with neutral, positive, and negative feedback using high-resolution fMRI (1.5mm3). Neuroimaging data (n = 36 healthy humans) of the anticipation phase was analyzed using mass-univariate, functional connectivity, and multivariate-pattern analysis. As expected, participants responded faster when anticipating positive and negative compared to neutral social feedback. At the neural level, anticipating social information engaged valence-related and valence-unrelated functional connectivity patterns involving the BF and mesolimbic areas. Precisely, valence-related connectivity between the lSN and NBM was associated with anticipating neutral social feedback, while connectivity between the vSN and NBM was associated with anticipating positive social feedback. A more complex pattern was observed for anticipating negative social feedback, including connectivity between the lSN and MS/DB, lSN and NAcc, as well as mSN and NAcc. To conclude, functional connectivity patterns of the BF and mesolimbic areas signal the anticipation of social feedback depending on their emotional valence. As such, our findings give novel insights into the underlying neural processes of social information processing.
摘要：
中脑边缘系统和基底前脑（BF）涉及处理奖励和惩罚，但它们在未来社会结果方面的相互作用和子区域的功能特性仍不清楚。因此,这项研究调查了横向(l)的区域响应和区域间功能连通性，中间（m），和腹侧（v）黑质（SN），积累核（NAcc），Meynert基底核（NBM），在具有中性的社会激励延迟任务中，奖励和惩罚预期期间的中隔/对角带（MS/DB），积极的,和使用高分辨率fMRI（1.5mm3）的负反馈。使用质量单变量分析预期阶段的神经影像学数据（n=36健康人），功能连接，和多元模式分析。不出所料,与中立的社会反馈相比，参与者在预期积极和消极时反应更快。在神经层面，预测涉及BF和中脑边缘区域的与价相关和价无关的功能连接模式的社会信息。准确地说，LSN和NBM之间的效价相关连通性与预期中性社会反馈有关，而vSN和NBM之间的连通性与预期积极的社会反馈有关。观察到一种更复杂的模式来预测负面的社会反馈，包括LSN和MS/DB之间的连接，lSN和NAcc，以及mSN和NAcc。最后，行为反应受到获得积极和避免消极社会反馈的可能性的调节。反馈预期的神经处理依赖于与社会信息的情绪效价相关的BF和中脑边缘区域之间的功能连接模式。因此，我们的发现为社会信息处理的潜在神经过程提供了新的见解。
