PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In order to evaluate the effects of ARG sources (arginine [ARG] and Guanidinoacetic acid [GAA]) and phenylalanine (PHE) supplementation on performance, susceptibility to ascites, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility in the cold-stressed broilers fed a canola meal (CM)-based diet, a 2×2 factorial experiment with four treatments was conducted. The dietary treatments included CM-based diet + 2.57 g/kg ARG, CM-based diet + 2.57 g/kg ARG + 1.5 g/kg PHE, CM-based diet + 1.8 g/kg GAA and CM-based diet + 1.8 g/kg GAA + 1.5 g/kg PHE. The corn-CM diet without supplementation was used as a negative control (NC) group in the fifth treatment that excluded the factorial arrangement. The results showed that adding ARG to diets without PHE supplement increased (p < 0.05) feed intake. Also, birds fed diets containing ARG had higher (p < 0.05) body weight gain (BWG) compared to those fed GAA added diets. Supplementation of PHE improved (p < 0.05) the FCR compared to groups fed diets without added PHE. Further, ARG addition increased (p < 0.05) plasma nitric oxide (NO) concentration, carcass, breast and leg yields, duodenal, jejunal, and ileal villus height (VH) to crypt depth (CD, and dry matter digestibility, while decreasing (p < 0.05) ascites mortality and right ventricle (RV) to total ventricle (TV) ratio compared to GAA added groups. Supplementation of PHE also declined susceptibility to ascites by reducing (p < 0.01) RV to TV ratio while increasing (p < 0.05) plasma NO level. The digestibility of ether extract also increased (p < 0.05) in broilers fed GAA supplemented diets versus those fed ARG added diets. The findings suggested that ARG may improve BWG and lower ascites incidence in broilers fed a diet based on CM under cold stress because of its antihypertensive effects. Moreover, the findings of this study demonstrated the importance of including PHE formulation in ARG-deficient diets to attenuate the adverse effects of cold stress on broilers. It was also concluded that GAA could be efficaciously used in cold-stressed broilers fed an ARG-deficient diet.
摘要：
为了评估ARG来源（精氨酸[ARG]和胍基乙酸[GAA]）和苯丙氨酸（PHE）补充对性能的影响，对腹水的易感性，肠道形态学,和营养消化率的冷应激肉鸡饲喂基于油菜粉（CM）的饮食，进行了4种处理的2×2阶乘实验。饮食治疗包括基于CM的饮食+2.57g/kgARG，基于CM的饮食+2.57g/kgARG+1.5g/kgPHE，基于CM的饮食+1.8g/kgGAA和基于CM的饮食+1.8g/kgGAA+1.5g/kgPHE。在排除阶乘排列的第五种治疗中，将不补充的玉米-CM饮食用作阴性对照（NC）组。结果表明,在不添加PHE的日粮中添加ARG可增加(p<0.05)采食量。此外，饲喂含有ARG的日粮的鸟类与饲喂添加GAA的日粮相比具有更高的(p<0.05)体重增加(BWG)。与饲喂不添加PHE的饮食的组相比,PHE的补充改善(p<0.05)FCR。Further,添加ARG增加（p<0.05）血浆一氧化氮（NO）浓度，屠体,乳房和腿部产量，十二指肠,空肠,和回肠绒毛高度（VH）到隐窝深度（CD，和干物质消化率，与添加GAA的组相比，同时降低（p<0.05）腹水死亡率和右心室（RV）与总心室（TV）的比率。补充PHE还通过降低（p<0.01）RV与TV的比率而增加（p<0.05）血浆NO水平来降低对腹水的易感性。与饲喂添加ARG的饮食相比,饲喂补充GAA的饮食的肉鸡中乙醚提取物的消化率也增加(p<0.05)。研究结果表明，由于其抗高血压作用，ARG可以改善在冷应激下饲喂基于CM的饮食的肉鸡的BWG并降低腹水发生率。此外，这项研究的结果表明，在缺乏ARG的日粮中加入PHE制剂对于减轻冷应激对肉鸡的不利影响非常重要。还得出结论，GAA可以有效地用于饲喂ARG缺乏饮食的冷应激肉鸡。
