Abstract：
Previously, impaired responses to immunotherapy in cancer had been attributed mainly to inherent tumor characteristics (tumor cell intrinsic factors) such as low immunogenicity, (low) mutational burden, weak host immune system, etc. However, mapping the responses of immunotherapeutic regimes in clinical trials for different types of cancer has pointed towards an obvious commonality - that tumors with a rich fibrotic stroma respond poorly or not at all. This has prompted a harder look on tumor cell extrinsic factors such as the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), and specifically, the fibrotic stroma as a potential enabler of immunotherapy failure. Indeed, the role of cancer-associated fibrosis in impeding efficacy of immunotherapy is now well-established. In fact, recent studies reveal a complex interconnection between fibrosis and treatment efficacy. Accordingly, in this review we provide a general overview of what a tumor associated fibrotic reaction is and how it interacts with the members of immune system that are frequently seen to be modulated in a failed immunotherapeutic regime.
摘要：
以前,癌症中免疫疗法的反应受损主要归因于固有的肿瘤特征（肿瘤细胞内在因素），例如低免疫原性，（低）突变负担，弱宿主免疫系统，等。然而,在临床试验中对不同类型癌症的免疫治疗方案的反应图显示了一个明显的共性-具有丰富纤维化基质的肿瘤反应不佳或根本没有反应.这促使人们更仔细地研究肿瘤细胞的外在因素，如周围的肿瘤微环境（TME），特别是,纤维化基质是免疫治疗失败的潜在推动者。的确,癌症相关纤维化在阻碍免疫治疗疗效方面的作用现已得到确认.事实上,最近的研究揭示了纤维化和治疗效果之间复杂的联系。因此，在这篇综述中,我们概述了什么是肿瘤相关纤维化反应,以及它如何与在失败的免疫治疗方案中经常被调节的免疫系统成员相互作用.
