Abstract：
There is evidence that subclinical inflammation and increased gut permeability might be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Less is known about these phenomena in patients with the deficit subtype of schizophrenia (D-SCZ) characterized by primary and enduring negative symptoms. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to compare the levels of zonulin (the marker of gut permeability) and immune-inflammatory markers in patients with D-SCZ, those with non-deficit schizophrenia (ND-SCZ) and healthy controls (HCs). A total of 119 outpatients with schizophrenia and 120 HCs were enrolled. The levels of 26 immune-inflammatory markers and zonulin were determined in serum samples. The following between-group differences were significant after adjustment for multiple testing and the effects of potential confounding factors: 1) higher levels of interleukin(IL)- 1β and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with D-SCZ compared to those with ND-SCZ and HCs; 2) higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and RANTES in both groups of patients with schizophrenia compared to HCs and 3) higher levels of IL-17 in patients with D-SCZ compared to HCs. No significant between-group differences in zonulin levels were found. Higher levels of IL-1β and CRP were associated with worse performance of attention after adjustment for age, education and chlorpromazine equivalents. Also, higher levels of IL-1β were correlated with greater severity of negative symptoms after adjustment for potential confounding factors. In conclusion, individuals with D-SCZ are more likely to show subclinical inflammation. However, findings from the present study do not support the hypothesis that this phenomenon is secondary to increased gut permeability.
摘要：
有证据表明，亚临床炎症和肠道通透性增加可能与精神分裂症的病理生理有关。对于以原发性和持久性阴性症状为特征的精神分裂症缺陷亚型（D-SCZ）患者的这些现象知之甚少。因此,在本研究中，我们旨在比较D-SCZ患者的zonulin（肠道通透性标志物）和免疫炎症标志物的水平，那些非缺陷型精神分裂症（ND-SCZ）和健康对照（HC）。共纳入119例精神分裂症门诊患者和120例HCs。测定血清样品中26种免疫炎症标志物和zonulin的水平。在调整多项测试和潜在混杂因素的影响后，以下组间差异显着：1）D-SCZ患者的白细胞介素（IL）-1β和C反应蛋白（CRP）水平高于ND-SCZ和HCs；2）两组精神分裂症患者的肿瘤坏死因子-α和RANTES水平高于HCs；3）SCD-SCZ患者的IL-17水平高于HCs。未发现zonulin水平的组间差异。较高的IL-1β和CRP水平与调整年龄后的注意力表现较差相关。教育和氯丙嗪等价物。此外，在校正潜在混杂因素后,IL-1β水平升高与阴性症状严重程度相关.总之,D-SCZ患者更有可能出现亚临床炎症.然而,本研究的发现不支持这种现象是肠道通透性增加的次要假设。
