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Abstract：
Marine microbial eukaryotes are important primary producers and play critical roles in key biogeochemical cycles. Recent advances in sequencing technology have focused attention on the extent of microbial biodiversity, revealing a huge, previously underestimated phylogenetic diversity with many new lineages. This technology has now become the most important tool to understand the ecological significance of this huge and novel diversity in polar oceans. In particular, high-throughput sequencing technologies have been successfully applied to enumerate and compare marine microbial diversity in polar environments. Here, a brief overview of polar microbial eukaryote diversity, as revealed by in-situ surveys of the high-throughput sequencing on 18S rRNA gene, is presented. Using these \'omic\' approaches, further attention still needs to be focused on differences between specific locations and/or entire polar oceans and on bipolar comparisons of diversity and distribution.
摘要：
海洋微生物真核生物是重要的初级生产者，在关键的生物地球化学循环中起着至关重要的作用。测序技术的最新进展将注意力集中在微生物生物多样性的范围上，揭示了一个巨大的，以前低估了许多新谱系的系统发育多样性。这项技术现已成为了解极地海洋中这种巨大而新颖的多样性的生态意义的最重要工具。特别是,高通量测序技术已成功应用于列举和比较极地环境中的海洋微生物多样性。这里,极地微生物真核生物多样性的简要概述，正如对18SrRNA基因的高通量测序的原位调查所揭示的那样，是presented。使用这些“omic”方法，仍然需要进一步关注特定地点和/或整个极地海洋之间的差异，以及多样性和分布的两极比较。
