Abstract：
Tinea capitis is a widespread superficial fungal infection that affects children predominately. Microscopic examination and fungal culture are the conventional gold standards for diagnosis, but they are insensitive and time-consuming. In recent years, new diagnostic methods have been developed to facilitate the diagnosis and identification of causative pathogens. Trichoscopy examination showed high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing tinea capitis with the characteristic signs of comma hairs, corkscrew hairs, bar code-like hairs and zigzag hairs. Reflectance confocal microscopy has also been used in the rapid diagnosis of tinea capitis in several studies. Molecular assays such as polymerase chain reaction and matrix-assisted desorption/ionization time to flight mass spectrometry are extensively utilized for rapid and accurate identification of the pathogens. Early diagnosis and treatment can aid in disease control and scarring reduction.
摘要：
头癣是一种广泛的浅表真菌感染，主要影响儿童。显微镜检查和真菌培养是诊断的常规金标准,但它们既不敏感又耗时。近年来,已经开发了新的诊断方法来促进病原体的诊断和鉴定。毛镜检查对诊断有逗号毛发特征的头癣具有较高的敏感性和特异性，开瓶器的头发,条形码状的头发和锯齿形的头发。在多项研究中，反射共聚焦显微镜也已用于头癣的快速诊断。诸如聚合酶链反应和基质辅助解吸/电离飞行时间质谱的分子测定被广泛用于快速和准确地鉴定病原体。早期诊断和治疗有助于疾病控制和减少疤痕。
