PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection is a serious health condition that affects individuals of all age groups. Although MTB infections are more common in immunocompromised patients, they are frequently diagnosed in healthy individuals without apparent risk factors. Extrapulmonary infection is an uncommon manifestation of MTB infection, especially infection of the musculoskeletal system. Here, we present a rare case of a five-month-old immunocompetent infant who presented with a progressively enlarging swelling of the thigh without any other symptoms. After further evaluation, a diagnosis of primary MTB myositis of the thigh was made, which was treated successfully with first-line anti-tuberculosis therapy for nine months. This case report highlights the need to consider MTB infection in infants and children with unusual clinical findings. Due to its nonspecific symptoms and difficulty in diagnosis, clinicians need to maintain a high index of clinical suspicion for MTB infection, even in infants without risk factors for exposure.
摘要：
结核分枝杆菌（MTB）感染是一种严重的健康状况，会影响所有年龄段的个体。尽管MTB感染在免疫功能低下的患者中更为常见，他们经常在没有明显危险因素的健康个体中被诊断出来。肺外感染是MTB感染的罕见表现，尤其是肌肉骨骼系统的感染.这里,我们介绍了一例5个月大的免疫功能婴儿的罕见病例,该婴儿表现为大腿肿胀逐渐增大,没有任何其他症状.经过进一步评估,诊断为大腿原发性MTB肌炎，通过一线抗结核治疗成功治疗了9个月。此病例报告强调有异常临床表现的婴儿和儿童需要考虑MTB感染。由于其非特异性症状和诊断困难，临床医生需要保持对MTB感染的高临床怀疑指数，即使在没有暴露危险因素的婴儿中。
