PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
In Mexico, Indigenous people were hospitalised and killed by COVID-19 at a disproportionate rate compared to the non-Indigenous population. The main factors contributing to this were poor health conditions and impoverished social and economic circumstances within the country. The objective of this study is to examine the extent to which ethnic disparities are attributable to processes of structural discrimination and further explore the factors that exacerbate or mitigate them. Using administrative public data on COVID-19 and Census information, this study uses the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method to examine the extent to which disparities are illegitimate and signal discrimination against Indigenous people. The results show that although ethnic disparities were mainly attributable to observable differences in individual and contextual characteristics, 22.8% (p < 0.001) of the ethnic gap in hospitalisations, 17.5% in early deaths and 16.4% in overall deaths remained unexplained and could potentially indicate systemic discrimination. These findings highlight that pre-existing and longstanding illegitimate disparities against Indigenous people jeopardise the capacity of multi-ethnic countries to achieve social justice in health.
摘要：
在墨西哥,与非土著居民相比，土著居民被COVID-19以不成比例的比例住院和死亡。造成这种情况的主要因素是该国恶劣的健康状况和贫困的社会和经济状况。这项研究的目的是研究种族差异归因于结构性歧视过程的程度，并进一步探讨加剧或减轻这些差异的因素。利用COVID-19的行政公开数据和人口普查信息，这项研究使用Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法来检查差异在多大程度上是非法的，并表明对土著人的歧视。结果表明，尽管种族差异主要归因于可观察到的个体和背景特征的差异，22.8％（p<0.001）的住院种族差距，17.5％的早期死亡和16.4％的总死亡仍然无法解释，可能表明系统性歧视。这些调查结果强调，针对土著人民的先前存在和长期的非法差距危及多族裔国家在健康方面实现社会正义的能力。
