PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The gastrointestinal tract contains a complex microbial community. Peyer\'s patches (PPs) play an important role in inducing mucosal immune responses in the gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known about the effect of commensal microbiota on the host\'s PPs. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic-to-transcriptome changes in the intestine PPs of specific pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) piglets (fed in an environment with and without commensal microbiota, respectively) to elucidate the role of commensal microbiota in host intestine mucosal immunity. Analyses of anatomical and histological characteristics showed that commensal microbiota deficiency led to PP hypoplasia, especially regarding B and T cells. A total of 12,444 mRNAs were expressed in 12 libraries; 2,156 and 425 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were detected in the jejunal PP (JPP) and ileal PP (IPP), respectively (SPF vs. GF). The shared DE mRNAs of the JPP and IPP were mainly involved in basic physiological and metabolic processes, while the specific DE mRNAs were enriched in regulating immune cells in the JPP and microbial responses and cellular immunity in the IPP. Commensal microbiota significantly modulated the expression of genes related to B-cell functions, including activation, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, receptor signaling, germinal center formation, and IgA isotype class switching, particularly in the JPP. TLR4 pathway-related genes were induced in response to microbial colonization and in LPS/SCFA-treated B cells. We also detected 69 and 21 DE lncRNAs in the JPP and IPP, respectively, and four one-to-one lncRNA-mRNA pairs were identified. These findings might represent key regulatory axes for host intestine mucosal immunity development during microbial colonization. Overall, the findings of this study revealed that commensal microbiota modulated phenotypic characteristics and gene expression in the piglet intestine PPs and underscored the importance of early microbial colonization for host mucosal immunity development.
摘要：
胃肠道含有复杂的微生物群落。派尔贴剂（PPs）在诱导胃肠道粘膜免疫反应中起重要作用。然而,关于共生微生物群对宿主PPs的影响知之甚少。这里,我们分析了无特定病原体（SPF）和无菌（GF）仔猪（在有和没有共生微生物群的环境中喂养，分别）阐明共生菌群在宿主肠粘膜免疫中的作用。解剖和组织学特征分析表明共生菌群缺乏导致PP发育不全，特别是关于B和T细胞。在12个文库中总共表达了12,444个mRNA；在空肠PP（JPP）和回肠PP（IPP）中检测到2,156和425个差异表达（DE）mRNA，分别(SPF与GF）。JPP和IPP的共有DEmRNA主要参与基本的生理和代谢过程,而特异性DEmRNA富集在调节JPP中的免疫细胞和IPP中的微生物反应和细胞免疫中。共生微生物区显着调节与B细胞功能相关的基因的表达，包括激活,扩散,分化,凋亡，受体信号，生发中心形成,和IgA同种型类别转换，特别是在JPP。响应于微生物定植和在LPS/SCFA处理的B细胞中诱导TLR4途径相关基因。我们还在JPP和IPP中检测到69和21个DElncRNAs，分别,并鉴定了四个一对一的lncRNA-mRNA对。这些发现可能代表了微生物定植过程中宿主肠粘膜免疫发展的关键调节轴。总的来说,这项研究的结果表明，共生菌调节了仔猪肠道PPs的表型特征和基因表达，并强调了早期微生物定植对宿主粘膜免疫发育的重要性。
