PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). Atherosclerosis develops during foam cell generation, which is caused by an imbalance in cholesterol uptake, esterification, and efflux. LOX-1, SR-A1, and CD36 all increased cholesterol uptake. ACAT1 and ACAT2 promote free cholesterol (FC) esterification to cholesteryl esters (CE). The hydrolysis of CE to FC was aided by nCEH. FC efflux was promoted by ABCA1, ABCG1, ADAM10, and apoA-I. SR-BI promotes not only cholesterol uptake but also FC efflux. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are single-stranded RNAs with a closed covalent circular structure, have emerged as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis due to their highly tissue, cell, and disease state-specific expression profiles. Numerous studies have shown that circRNAs regulate foam cell formation, acting as miRNA sponges to influence atherosclerosis development by regulating the expression of SR-A1, CD36, ACAT2, ABCA1, ABCG1, ADAM10, apoA-I, SR-B1. Several circRNAs, including circ-Wdr91, circ 0004104, circRNA0044073, circRNA_0001805, circDENND1B, circRSF1, circ 0001445, and circRNA 102682, are potential biomarkers for atherosclerosis to better evaluate cardiovascular risk. It is difficult to deliver synthetic therapeutic circRNAs to the desired target tissues. Nanotechnology, such as GA-RM/GZ/PL, may be an important solution to this problem. In this review, we focus on the potential role and mechanism of circRNA/miRNA axis in foam cell formation in the hopes of discovering new targets for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of atherosclerosis.
摘要：
动脉粥样硬化是冠心病（CHD）和心肌梗死（MI）的重要危险因素。动脉粥样硬化在泡沫细胞生成过程中发展，这是由胆固醇摄取失衡引起的，酯化,和外排。LOX-1、SR-A1和CD36均增加胆固醇摄取。ACAT1和ACAT2促进游离胆固醇(FC)酯化为胆固醇酯(CE)。通过nCEH帮助CE水解为FC。ABCA1、ABCG1、ADAM10和apoA-I促进FC外排。SR-BI不仅促进胆固醇摄取，而且促进FC流出。环状RNA（circularRNAs），它们是具有闭合共价环状结构的单链RNA，由于其高度的组织，已经成为动脉粥样硬化的有希望的生物标志物和治疗靶标，cell,和疾病状态特异性表达谱。大量研究表明，circRNAs调节泡沫细胞的形成，作为miRNA海绵通过调节SR-A1、CD36、ACAT2、ABCA1、ABCG1、ADAM10、apoA-I、SR-B1.几个circRNAs，包括circ-Wdr91，circ0004104，circRNA0044073，circRNA_0001805，cirdend1B，circRSF1、circ0001445和circRNA102682是动脉粥样硬化的潜在生物标志物，可以更好地评估心血管风险。难以将合成的治疗性circRNAs递送至期望的靶组织。纳米技术，如GA-RM/GZ/PL，可能是解决这个问题的重要方法。在这次审查中,我们专注于circRNA/miRNA轴在泡沫细胞形成中的潜在作用和机制，希望发现新的诊断靶点，预防,和治疗动脉粥样硬化。
