Abstract：
Acanthamoeba keratitis is a rare parasitic infection of the cornea that can lead to permanent blindness if not diagnosed and treated promptly. We collected data on the incidences of Acanthamoeba keratitis from 20 countries and calculated an annual incidence of 23,561 cases, with the lowest rates in Tunisia and Belgium, and the highest in India. We analyzed 3755 Acanthamoeba sequences from the GenBank database across Asia, Europe, North America, South America, and Oceania and genotyped them into T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T10, T11, T12, and T15. Many genotypes possess different characteristics, yet T4 is the most prevalent genotype. As efficient treatment against Acanthamoeba remains lacking, prevention from early diagnosis via staining, PCR, or in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) becomes significant for the condition\'s prognosis. IVCM is the most recommended approach for the early detection of Acanthamoeba. If IVCM is unavailable, PCR should be used as an alternative.
摘要：
棘阿米巴角膜炎是一种罕见的角膜寄生虫感染，如果不及时诊断和治疗，可能导致永久性失明。我们收集了来自20个国家的棘阿米巴角膜炎的发病率数据，并计算了23,561例的年发病率。突尼斯和比利时的利率最低，也是印度最高的。我们分析了亚洲GenBank数据库中的3755个棘阿米巴序列，欧洲,北美,南美洲,和大洋洲，并将其基因分型为T1，T2，T3，T4，T5，T10，T11，T12和T15。许多基因型具有不同的特征，然而T4是最普遍的基因型。由于仍然缺乏对棘阿米巴的有效治疗，通过染色预防早期诊断，PCR,或体内共聚焦显微镜（IVCM）对病情的预后具有重要意义。IVCM是最推荐的早期检测棘阿米巴的方法。如果IVCM不可用，应使用PCR作为替代方案。
