Abstract：
Walking and running are common forms of locomotion, both of which exhibit variability over many gait cycles. Many studies have investigated the patterns generated from that ebb and flow, and a large proportion suggests human gait exhibits Long Range Correlations (LRCs). LRCs refer to the observation that healthy gait characteristic, like stride times, are positively correlated to themselves over time. Literature on LRCs in walking gait is well known but less attention has been given to LRCs in running gait.
What is the state of the art concerning LRCs in running gait?
We conducted a systematic review to identify the typical LRC patterns present in human running gait, in addition to disease, injury, and running surface effects on LRCs. Inclusion criteria were human subjects, running related experiments, computed LRCs, and experimental design. Exclusion criteria were studies on animals, non-humans, walking only, non-running, non-LRC analysis, and non-experiments.
The initial search returned 536 articles. After review and deliberation, our review included 26 articles. Almost every article produced strong evidence for LRCs apparent in running gait and in all running surfaces. Additionally, LRCs tended to decrease due to fatigue, past injury, increased load carriage and seem to be lowest at preferred running speed on a treadmill. No studies investigated disease effects on LRCs in running gait.
LRCs seem to increase with deviations away from preferred running speed. Previously injured runners produced decreased LRCs compared to non-injured runners. LRCs also tended to decrease due to an increase in fatigue rate, which has been associated with increased injury rate. Lastly, there is a need for research on the typical LRCs in an overground environment, for which the typical LRCs found in a treadmill environment may or may not transfer.
What is the state of the art concerning LRCs in running gait?
We conducted a systematic review to identify the typical LRC patterns present in human running gait, in addition to disease, injury, and running surface effects on LRCs. Inclusion criteria were human subjects, running related experiments, computed LRCs, and experimental design. Exclusion criteria were studies on animals, non-humans, walking only, non-running, non-LRC analysis, and non-experiments.
The initial search returned 536 articles. After review and deliberation, our review included 26 articles. Almost every article produced strong evidence for LRCs apparent in running gait and in all running surfaces. Additionally, LRCs tended to decrease due to fatigue, past injury, increased load carriage and seem to be lowest at preferred running speed on a treadmill. No studies investigated disease effects on LRCs in running gait.
LRCs seem to increase with deviations away from preferred running speed. Previously injured runners produced decreased LRCs compared to non-injured runners. LRCs also tended to decrease due to an increase in fatigue rate, which has been associated with increased injury rate. Lastly, there is a need for research on the typical LRCs in an overground environment, for which the typical LRCs found in a treadmill environment may or may not transfer.
摘要：
背景：步行和跑步是运动的常见形式，两者在许多步态周期中都表现出变异性。许多研究已经调查了这种潮起潮落产生的模式，很大一部分表明人类步态表现出远距离相关性(LRC)。LRC指的是观察到健康的步态特征，就像跨步时间，随着时间的推移，它们与自己呈正相关。关于行走步态中的LRC的文献是众所周知的，但对行走步态中的LRC的关注较少。
目的：关于跑步步态中的LRC的最新技术是什么？
方法：我们进行了系统综述，以确定人类跑步步态中存在的典型LRC模式，除了疾病,损伤,和运行表面对LRC的影响。纳入标准是人类受试者，运行相关实验，计算LRC，和实验设计。排除标准是对动物的研究，非人类,只行走，非运行，非LRC分析，和非实验。
结果：初始搜索返回536篇文章。经过审议,我们的评论包括26篇文章。几乎每篇文章都提供了有力的证据，证明LRC在跑步步态和所有跑步表面都很明显。此外,LRC由于疲劳而趋于减少，过去的伤害,增加了载重量，并且在跑步机上的首选运行速度下似乎最低。没有研究调查疾病对跑步步态中LRC的影响。
结论：LRC似乎随着偏离首选跑步速度而增加。与未受伤的跑步者相比，以前受伤的跑步者产生的LRC减少。由于疲劳率的增加，LRC也趋于减少，这与受伤率的增加有关。最后,有必要研究地面环境中的典型LRC，在跑步机环境中发现的典型LRC可能会或可能不会转移。
目的：关于跑步步态中的LRC的最新技术是什么？
方法：我们进行了系统综述，以确定人类跑步步态中存在的典型LRC模式，除了疾病,损伤,和运行表面对LRC的影响。纳入标准是人类受试者，运行相关实验，计算LRC，和实验设计。排除标准是对动物的研究，非人类,只行走，非运行，非LRC分析，和非实验。
结果：初始搜索返回536篇文章。经过审议,我们的评论包括26篇文章。几乎每篇文章都提供了有力的证据，证明LRC在跑步步态和所有跑步表面都很明显。此外,LRC由于疲劳而趋于减少，过去的伤害,增加了载重量，并且在跑步机上的首选运行速度下似乎最低。没有研究调查疾病对跑步步态中LRC的影响。
结论：LRC似乎随着偏离首选跑步速度而增加。与未受伤的跑步者相比，以前受伤的跑步者产生的LRC减少。由于疲劳率的增加，LRC也趋于减少，这与受伤率的增加有关。最后,有必要研究地面环境中的典型LRC，在跑步机环境中发现的典型LRC可能会或可能不会转移。
