Abstract：
Human microbiota demonstrate diversity and balance that is adaptive for the host and supports maintaining homeostasis. Although acute illness or injury may derange microbiota diversity and the proportion of potentially pathogenic microbes, that derangement may be further exacerbated by commonly deployed intensive care unit (ICU) therapeutic and practices. These include antibiotic administration, delayed luminal nutrition, acid suppression, and vasopressor infusion. Furthermore, the local ICU microbial ecology, regardless of disinfection practices, shapes the patient\'s microbiota, especially with the acquisition of multi-drug-resistant pathogens. Current approaches to protect a normal microbiome, or restore a deranged one, are part of a multifaceted approach that may include antibiotic stewardship and infection control practices as microbiome-directed therapeutics emerge.
摘要：
人类微生物群表现出适应宿主的多样性和平衡，并支持维持体内平衡。尽管急性疾病或损伤可能会改变微生物群的多样性和潜在致病微生物的比例，通常部署的重症监护病房（ICU）的治疗和实践可能会进一步加剧这种混乱。这些包括抗生素给药，延迟的腔内营养，酸抑制,和血管升压药输注.此外，当地的ICU微生物生态学，不管消毒的做法，塑造病人的微生物群，特别是随着多药耐药病原体的获得。当前保护正常微生物组的方法，或者恢复一个精神错乱的人，是多方面方法的一部分，随着微生物组导向的治疗方法的出现，可能包括抗生素管理和感染控制实践。
