Abstract：
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, autoimmune dysfunction, and cartilage and bone destruction. In this review, we summarized the available reports on the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) on RA in terms of anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic and osteoprotective effects. Firstly, GLP inhibits RA synovial fibroblast (RASF) proliferation and migration, modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduces synovial inflammation. Secondly, GLP regulates the proliferation and differentiation of antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, inhibits phagocytosis by mononuclear macrophages and nature killer (NK) cells and regulates the ratio of M1, M2 and related inflammatory cytokines. In addition, GLP produced activities in balancing humoral and cellular immunity, such as regulating immunoglobulin production, modulating T and B lymphocyte proliferative responses and cytokine release, exhibiting immunomodulatory effects. Thirdly, GLP inhibits angiogenesis through the direct inhibition of vascular endothelial cell proliferation and induction of cell death and the indirect inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in the cells. Finally, GLP can inhibit the production of matrix metalloproteinases and promote osteoblast formation, exerting protective effects on bone and articular cartilage. It is suggested that GLP may be a promising agent for the treatment of RA.
摘要：
类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种以炎症为特征的慢性自身免疫性疾病，自身免疫功能障碍，软骨和骨骼破坏。在这次审查中,我们总结了关于灵芝多糖（GLP）在抗炎方面对RA的保护作用的现有报道，免疫调节,抗血管生成和骨保护作用。首先,GLP抑制RA滑膜成纤维细胞（RASF）增殖和迁移，调节促炎和抗炎细胞因子并减少滑膜炎症。其次,GLP调节抗原呈递细胞如树突状细胞的增殖和分化，抑制单核巨噬细胞和自然杀伤（NK）细胞的吞噬作用，并调节M1，M2和相关炎性细胞因子的比例。此外,GLP在平衡体液和细胞免疫中产生活性，例如调节免疫球蛋白的产生，调节T和B淋巴细胞增殖反应和细胞因子释放，表现出免疫调节作用。第三，GLP通过直接抑制血管内皮细胞增殖和诱导细胞死亡以及间接抑制细胞中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的产生来抑制血管生成。最后,GLP可抑制基质金属蛋白酶的产生，促进成骨细胞的形成，对骨骼和关节软骨发挥保护作用。提示GLP可能是治疗RA的有希望的药物。
