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Abstract：
Drug development and testing are a tedious and expensive process with a high degree of uncertainty in the clinical success and preclinical validation of manufactured therapeutic agents. Currently, to understand the drug action, disease mechanism, and drug testing, most therapeutic drug manufacturers use 2D cell culture models to validate the drug action. However, there are many uncertainties and limitations with the conventional use of 2D (monolayer) cell culture models for drug testing that are primarily attributed due to poor mimicking of cellular mechanisms, disturbance in environmental interaction, and changes in structural morphology. To overcome such odds and difficulties in the preclinical validation of therapeutic medications, newer in vivo drug testing cell culture models with higher screening efficiencies are required. One such promising and advanced cell culture model reported recently is the \"three-dimensional cell culture model.\" The 3D cell culture models are reported to show evident benefits over conventional 2D cell models. This review article outlines and describes the current advancement in cell culture models, their types, significance in high-throughput screening, limitations, applications in drug toxicity screening, and preclinical testing methodologies to predict in vivo efficacy.
摘要：
药物开发和测试是繁琐且昂贵的过程，在临床成功和制造的治疗剂的临床前验证中具有高度的不确定性。目前,为了了解药物的作用，疾病机制，和药物测试，大多数治疗药物制造商使用2D细胞培养模型来验证药物作用。然而,常规使用2D（单层）细胞培养模型进行药物测试存在许多不确定性和局限性，这主要归因于对细胞机制的模仿不佳，环境相互作用中的干扰，和结构形态的变化。为了克服治疗药物的临床前验证中的这些困难和困难，需要具有更高筛选效率的新型体内药物测试细胞培养模型。最近报道的一种有前途和先进的细胞培养模型是“三维细胞培养模型”。据报道，3D细胞培养模型比传统的2D细胞模型具有明显的优势。这篇综述文章概述并描述了细胞培养模型的最新进展，他们的类型,在高通量筛选中的意义，局限性,在药物毒性筛选中的应用，和临床前测试方法来预测体内疗效。
