PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
COVID-19 has been a global pandemic since early 2020. It has diverse clinical manifestations, but consistent immunological and metabolic correlates of disease severity and protection are not clear. This study was undertaken to compare seropositivity rate, antibody levels against nucleocapsid and spike proteins, virus neutralization and metabolites between adult and child COVID-19 patients.
Plasma samples from naïve control (n=14) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR positive COVID-19 participants (n=132) were tested for reactivity with nucleocapsid and spike proteins by ELISA, neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero cells and metabolites by [1]H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
An ELISA platform was developed using nucleocapsid and spike proteins for COVID-19 serosurvey. The participants showed greater seropositivity for nucleocapsid (72%) than spike (55.3%), and males showed higher seropositivity than females for both the proteins. Antibody levels to both the proteins were higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than ward patients. Children showed lower seropositivity and antibody levels than adults. In contrast to ICU adults (81.3%), ICU children (33.3%) showed lower seropositivity for spike. Notably, the neutralization efficiency correlated with levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. The levels of plasma metabolites were perturbed differentially in COVID-19 patients as compared with the naive controls.
Our results reflect the complexity of human immune response and metabolome to SARS-CoV-2 infection. While innate and cellular immune responses are likely to be a major determinant of disease severity and protection, antibodies to multiple viral proteins likely affect COVID-19 pathogenesis. In children, not adults, lower seropositivity rate for spike was associated with disease severity.
Plasma samples from naïve control (n=14) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR positive COVID-19 participants (n=132) were tested for reactivity with nucleocapsid and spike proteins by ELISA, neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero cells and metabolites by [1]H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
An ELISA platform was developed using nucleocapsid and spike proteins for COVID-19 serosurvey. The participants showed greater seropositivity for nucleocapsid (72%) than spike (55.3%), and males showed higher seropositivity than females for both the proteins. Antibody levels to both the proteins were higher in intensive care unit (ICU) than ward patients. Children showed lower seropositivity and antibody levels than adults. In contrast to ICU adults (81.3%), ICU children (33.3%) showed lower seropositivity for spike. Notably, the neutralization efficiency correlated with levels of anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. The levels of plasma metabolites were perturbed differentially in COVID-19 patients as compared with the naive controls.
Our results reflect the complexity of human immune response and metabolome to SARS-CoV-2 infection. While innate and cellular immune responses are likely to be a major determinant of disease severity and protection, antibodies to multiple viral proteins likely affect COVID-19 pathogenesis. In children, not adults, lower seropositivity rate for spike was associated with disease severity.
摘要：
未经批准：自2020年初以来，COVID-19一直是全球大流行。临床表现多样,但是疾病严重程度和保护的免疫和代谢相关性尚不清楚。这项研究是为了比较血清阳性率，针对核衣壳和刺突蛋白的抗体水平，成人和儿童COVID-19患者之间的病毒中和和代谢产物。
UNASSIGNED：通过ELISA测试了来自初始对照（n=14）和逆转录（RT）-PCR阳性COVID-19参与者（n=132）的血浆样本与核衣壳和刺突蛋白的反应性，通过[1]H核磁共振（NMR）光谱中和Vero细胞和代谢物中的SARS-CoV-2感染性。
未经证实：使用核衣壳和刺突蛋白开发了用于COVID-19血清调查的ELISA平台。参与者表现出核衣壳的血清阳性（72％）高于刺突（55.3％），男性对这两种蛋白质的血清阳性率均高于女性。重症监护病房（ICU）中两种蛋白质的抗体水平均高于病房患者。儿童的血清阳性和抗体水平低于成人。与ICU成人（81.3%）相比，ICU儿童（33.3％）的峰值血清阳性率较低。值得注意的是,中和效率与抗核衣壳抗体水平相关。与未治疗的对照组相比，COVID-19患者的血浆代谢物水平有差异。
未经证实：我们的结果反映了人类对SARS-CoV-2感染的免疫反应和代谢组的复杂性。虽然先天和细胞免疫反应可能是疾病严重程度和保护的主要决定因素，针对多种病毒蛋白的抗体可能会影响COVID-19的发病机制。在儿童中，不是成年人,较低的spike血清阳性率与疾病严重程度相关。
UNASSIGNED：通过ELISA测试了来自初始对照（n=14）和逆转录（RT）-PCR阳性COVID-19参与者（n=132）的血浆样本与核衣壳和刺突蛋白的反应性，通过[1]H核磁共振（NMR）光谱中和Vero细胞和代谢物中的SARS-CoV-2感染性。
未经证实：使用核衣壳和刺突蛋白开发了用于COVID-19血清调查的ELISA平台。参与者表现出核衣壳的血清阳性（72％）高于刺突（55.3％），男性对这两种蛋白质的血清阳性率均高于女性。重症监护病房（ICU）中两种蛋白质的抗体水平均高于病房患者。儿童的血清阳性和抗体水平低于成人。与ICU成人（81.3%）相比，ICU儿童（33.3％）的峰值血清阳性率较低。值得注意的是,中和效率与抗核衣壳抗体水平相关。与未治疗的对照组相比，COVID-19患者的血浆代谢物水平有差异。
未经证实：我们的结果反映了人类对SARS-CoV-2感染的免疫反应和代谢组的复杂性。虽然先天和细胞免疫反应可能是疾病严重程度和保护的主要决定因素，针对多种病毒蛋白的抗体可能会影响COVID-19的发病机制。在儿童中，不是成年人,较低的spike血清阳性率与疾病严重程度相关。
