Abstract：
Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA) represents a form of technology-facilitated sexual abuse that encompasses the taking, creating, and/or sharing (including threats to share) of nude or sexual images without consent. Unlike physical sexual violence contexts, little is known regarding if and how bystanders intervene in IBSA contexts. The current preliminary study aimed to address this gap in the literature. Specifically, seven focus groups with a sample of 35 university students (31 females, 4 males) were conducted to explore how they think they would behave (i.e., their behavioral intentions) if they were bystanders to three different IBSA scenarios: non-consensual taking, non-consensual sharing, and threatening to share nude or sexual images. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis and the following themes were identified: perpetrator-centered action, victim-centered action, justice-centered action, and intervention as a well-informed and controlled process. Participants discussed how they would intervene by approaching the perpetrator, either in a confrontational or non-confrontational way, or approach the victim to inform them of what was happening, provide advice, or to support them. They also discussed involving the police. However, some group members were against these forms of intervention, particularly approaching the perpetrator and involving the police. Finally, many participants indicated that their actions need to be well-informed. These findings highlight a wide range of bystander actions in IBSA contexts that have implications for the development of policies, educational materials, and measures of bystander intervention behavior in future research.
摘要：
基于图像的性虐待（IBSA）代表了一种技术促进的性虐待形式，包括采取，创建,和/或未经同意分享（包括威胁分享）裸体或性图像。与身体性暴力不同，关于旁观者是否以及如何干预IBSA的情况知之甚少。目前的初步研究旨在解决文献中的这一差距。具体来说,七个焦点小组，样本为35名大学生(31名女性，4名男性)进行了探索他们认为自己会如何表现(即，他们的行为意图)如果他们是三种不同IBSA场景的旁观者：非自愿服用，非自愿分享，威胁要分享裸体或性形象。使用主题分析对成绩单进行了分析，并确定了以下主题：以犯罪者为中心的行动，以受害者为中心的行动，以正义为中心的行动，和干预作为一个消息灵通和受控的过程。与会者讨论了他们将如何通过接近肇事者进行干预，以对抗或非对抗的方式，或者接近受害者告诉他们发生了什么，提供建议,或支持他们。他们还讨论了涉及警察的问题。然而,一些小组成员反对这些形式的干预，特别是接近肇事者和警察。最后,许多与会者表示，他们的行动需要消息灵通。这些发现突出了IBSA背景下对政策制定有影响的各种旁观者行动，教育材料,以及未来研究中旁观者干预行为的测量。
