Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Periodontal disease occurs frequently in patients with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) while data about underlying pathways contributing to periodontal changes are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate periodontal disease and to investigate its association with endothelial dysfunction and clinical changes in patients with lcSSc.
METHODS: In 38 lcSSc patients and 38 controls, periodontal status was evaluated by disease-specific questionnaire, dental examination including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth, and plaque index, and dental panoramic radiograph. Periodontopathogen bacteria were collected subgingivally using paper points and interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene polymorphisms were evaluated using buccal swabs. Endothelial dysfunction was measured by flow-mediated dilatation, pulse-wave velocity and biochemical analysis, including arginine metabolites and endothelial microparticles. Additionally, lcSSc-specific clinical changes and parameters were recorded.
RESULTS: Periodontitis was present in 31 patients with lcSSc (81.6%) and in 27 controls (71.1%) (p = .280). LcSSc patients had a lower teeth number (p = .039) and Eikenella corrodens was to a higher degree detectable in patients with lcSSc (p = .041) while the remaining periodontal parameters revealed no differences between both cohorts. Significant correlations between parameters of arterial stiffness, EUSTAR index, number of teeth and BOP were observed (all p < .05). Detection of Prevotella intermedia was associated with selected IL-1 gene polymorphisms (p = .032) and Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with severe periodontitis (p = .041).
CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease may occur frequently in patients with lcSSc and may be associated with arterial stiffness and with SSc activity.
METHODS: In 38 lcSSc patients and 38 controls, periodontal status was evaluated by disease-specific questionnaire, dental examination including bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket depth, and plaque index, and dental panoramic radiograph. Periodontopathogen bacteria were collected subgingivally using paper points and interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene polymorphisms were evaluated using buccal swabs. Endothelial dysfunction was measured by flow-mediated dilatation, pulse-wave velocity and biochemical analysis, including arginine metabolites and endothelial microparticles. Additionally, lcSSc-specific clinical changes and parameters were recorded.
RESULTS: Periodontitis was present in 31 patients with lcSSc (81.6%) and in 27 controls (71.1%) (p = .280). LcSSc patients had a lower teeth number (p = .039) and Eikenella corrodens was to a higher degree detectable in patients with lcSSc (p = .041) while the remaining periodontal parameters revealed no differences between both cohorts. Significant correlations between parameters of arterial stiffness, EUSTAR index, number of teeth and BOP were observed (all p < .05). Detection of Prevotella intermedia was associated with selected IL-1 gene polymorphisms (p = .032) and Porphyromonas gingivalis was associated with severe periodontitis (p = .041).
CONCLUSIONS: Periodontal disease may occur frequently in patients with lcSSc and may be associated with arterial stiffness and with SSc activity.
摘要：
目的：牙周病经常发生在患有局限性皮肤系统性硬化症（lcSSc）的患者中，而有关导致牙周变化的潜在途径的数据却很少。这项研究的目的是评估牙周病，并研究其与lcSSc患者的内皮功能障碍和临床变化的关系。
方法：在38名lcSSc患者和38名对照中，牙周状况通过疾病特异性问卷进行评估，牙科检查，包括探查出血（BOP），口袋深度,和菌斑指数，和牙科全景X光片。使用纸点在牙龈下收集牙周病原菌，并使用颊拭子评估白细胞介素-1（IL-1）基因多态性。通过血流介导的扩张来测量内皮功能障碍，脉搏波速度和生化分析，包括精氨酸代谢物和内皮微粒。此外,记录lcSSc特异性临床变化和参数。
结果：31例lcSSc患者（81.6％）和27例对照（71.1％）存在牙周炎（p=.280）。LcSSc患者的牙齿数量较低（p=.039），而在lcSSc患者中可检测到的Eikenella腐蚀程度更高（p=.041），而其余牙周参数显示两组之间没有差异。动脉僵硬度参数之间的显著相关性，EUSTAR指数，观察到牙齿数量和BOP（所有p<0.05）。中间普氏菌的检测与所选IL-1基因多态性相关（p=.032），牙龈卟啉单胞菌与严重牙周炎相关（p=.041）。
结论：牙周病可在lcSSc患者中频繁发生，可能与动脉僵硬度和SSc活性有关。
方法：在38名lcSSc患者和38名对照中，牙周状况通过疾病特异性问卷进行评估，牙科检查，包括探查出血（BOP），口袋深度,和菌斑指数，和牙科全景X光片。使用纸点在牙龈下收集牙周病原菌，并使用颊拭子评估白细胞介素-1（IL-1）基因多态性。通过血流介导的扩张来测量内皮功能障碍，脉搏波速度和生化分析，包括精氨酸代谢物和内皮微粒。此外,记录lcSSc特异性临床变化和参数。
结果：31例lcSSc患者（81.6％）和27例对照（71.1％）存在牙周炎（p=.280）。LcSSc患者的牙齿数量较低（p=.039），而在lcSSc患者中可检测到的Eikenella腐蚀程度更高（p=.041），而其余牙周参数显示两组之间没有差异。动脉僵硬度参数之间的显著相关性，EUSTAR指数，观察到牙齿数量和BOP（所有p<0.05）。中间普氏菌的检测与所选IL-1基因多态性相关（p=.032），牙龈卟啉单胞菌与严重牙周炎相关（p=.041）。
结论：牙周病可在lcSSc患者中频繁发生，可能与动脉僵硬度和SSc活性有关。
