PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study was conducted in order to compare well established used chemical anticoccidial medication (diclazuril) against natural prepared safe alternative products of garlic extract (GE), Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves extract, onion extract (OE), in order to control experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella species in chickens. Performance parameter in form of average body weight (ABW) and feed conversion rate (FCR) were studied together with biochemical parameters (malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), mortality rate, oocyst count in addition to total white blood cell (WBCs), lymphocytes and heterophils counts. Histopathological examination of intestinal tract in all test groups was studied. Results revealed that the lowest mortality rate was found in group treated with MO leaves extract. All challenged herbal extract treated groups revealed ABW and FCR lower than diclazuril treated infected group. All treated groups were lower in both average lesion score and average oocyst count two weeks post challenge when compared with control positive group indicate positive impact of all studied therapies either chemical or herbal products but with variable degrees as best effect was diclazuril followed by MO group, followed by GE group and finally group treated with OE. Experimental infection of chickens with E. tenella oocysts significantly increased MDA concentration when compared with control negative non-treated group (P < 0.01). However, infected birds fed with OE, GE, MO leaves extracts and diclazuril administration for a week pre-infection had significantly declined MDA concentrations compared with infected non-treated (P < 0.01). Control positive birds showed significant decrease in SOD and CAT activities vs. the healthy birds either at week pre-infection or at two days\' post-infection (P < 0.01). However, SOD activities in birds fed with OE, MO leaves extract and diclazuril for a week pre-infection significantly higher (P < 0.01) than control positive. Histopathological finding revealed that best was group treated with diclazuril followed by group received MO, followed by group received GE and finally group received OE. It could be concluded that herbal extract may be representing a good alternative anticoccidial medications specially that the later may developed resistance for many Eimeria species in continuous use in veterinary field.
摘要：
进行这项研究是为了比较公认的使用化学抗球虫药物（diclazuril）与大蒜提取物（GE）的天然制备的安全替代产品，辣木（MO）叶提取物，洋葱提取物（OE），为了控制实验感染艾美耳球虫的鸡。以平均体重（ABW）和饲料转化率（FCR）形式的性能参数与生化参数（丙二醛（MDA），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT），死亡率,卵囊计数，除了总白细胞（WBC），淋巴细胞和嗜异粒细胞计数。研究了所有测试组的肠道组织病理学检查。结果表明，在用MO叶提取物处理的组中，死亡率最低。所有受攻击的草药提取物治疗组显示ABW和FCR低于双氮唑治疗的感染组。与对照阳性组相比，攻击后两周，所有治疗组的平均病变评分和平均卵囊计数均较低，表明所有化学或草药产品的研究疗法均具有积极影响，但不同程度的最佳效果是双氮唑组，其次是MO组。其次是GE组，最后是OE治疗组。与对照阴性未处理组相比，用E.tenella卵囊实验感染鸡的MDA浓度显着增加（P<0.01）。然而,用OE喂养的感染鸟类，GE,与未处理的感染相比，感染前一周的MO叶提取物和diclazuril给药的MDA浓度显着下降（P<0.01）。对照阳性鸟类的SOD和CAT活性显着降低。健康鸟类在感染前一周或感染后两天（P<0.01）。然而,饲喂OE的鸟类的SOD活性，感染前一周的MO叶提取物和diclazuril明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。组织病理学发现，最好的是用diclazuril治疗组，然后接受MO治疗组，其次是组接受GE，最后组接受OE。可以得出结论，草药提取物可能是一种很好的替代抗球虫药物，特别是后来在兽医领域连续使用时可能对许多艾美球虫物种产生耐药性。
