PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Skin is the thin layer of tissue forming the natural integumentary system of the body that acts as a barrier to protect it from exogenous and endogenous factors that induce undesirable biological responses in the body. Among these risk factors, skin damage triggered by solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an escalating problem in dermatology with an increased incidence of acute and chronic cutaneous reactions. Several epidemiological studies have provided evidence for both beneficial and harmful effects of sunlight, particularly the solar UVR exposure of human beings. Due to overexposure to solar UVR on the earth\'s surface, outdoor professionals such as farmers, rural workers, builders and road workers are most vulnerable to developing occupational skin diseases. Indoor tanning is also associated with increased risks for various dermatological diseases. Sunburn is described as the erythematic acute cutaneous response in addition to increased melanin and apoptosis of keratinocytes to prevent skin carcinoma. Alterations in molecular, pigmentary and morphological characteristics cause carcinogenic progression in skin malignancies and premature ageing of the skin. Solar UV damage leads to immunosuppressive skin diseases such as phototoxic and photoallergic reactions. UV-induced pigmentation persists for a longer time, called long-lasting pigmentation. Sunscreen is the most mentioned skin protective behaviour and it is the most promoted part of the sun smart message along with other effective skin protection strategies such as clothing, that is, long sleeves, hats and sunglasses.
摘要：
皮肤是形成身体的天然外皮系统的薄层组织,其充当屏障以保护其免受在体内诱导不期望的生物反应的外源和内源因素的影响。在这些风险因素中，由太阳紫外线辐射（UVR）引起的皮肤损伤是皮肤病学中不断升级的问题，急性和慢性皮肤反应的发生率增加。几项流行病学研究为阳光的有益和有害影响提供了证据，特别是人类的太阳能紫外线照射。由于过度暴露于地球表面的太阳UVR，户外专业人士，如农民，农村工人,建筑商和道路工人最容易患上职业性皮肤病。室内晒黑也与各种皮肤病的风险增加有关。晒伤被描述为除了黑色素增加和角质形成细胞凋亡以预防皮肤癌之外的红体急性皮肤反应。分子的变化，色素和形态学特征导致皮肤恶性肿瘤的致癌进展和皮肤的过早老化。阳光紫外线损伤导致免疫抑制性皮肤病，如光毒性和光过敏反应。紫外线诱导的色素沉着持续较长时间，叫做持久的色素沉着。防晒霜是提到最多的皮肤保护行为，它是太阳智能信息中最受欢迎的部分，以及其他有效的皮肤保护策略，如服装，也就是说,长袖,帽子和太阳镜。
