Abstract：
β-Galactosidase is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that possesses both hydrolytic and transgalactosylation properties and has several benefits and advantages in the food and dairy industries. The catalytic process of β-galactosidase involves the transfer of a sugar residue from a glycosyl donor to an acceptor via a double-displacement mechanism. Hydrolysis prevails when water acts as an acceptor, resulting in the production of lactose-free products. Transgalactosylation prevails when lactose acts as an acceptor, resulting in the production of prebiotic oligosaccharides. β-Galactosidase is also obtained from many sources including bacteria, yeast, fungi, plants, and animals. However, depending on the origin of the β-galactosidase, the monomer composition and their bonds may differ, thereby influencing their properties and prebiotic efficacy. Thus, the increasing demand for prebiotics in the food industry and the search for new oligosaccharides have compelled researchers to search for novel sources of β-galactosidase with diverse properties. In this review, we discuss the properties, catalytic mechanisms, various sources and lactose hydrolysis properties of β-galactosidase.
摘要：
β-半乳糖苷酶是同时具有水解和转半乳糖基化性质的糖苷水解酶,并且在食品和乳制品工业中具有若干益处和优势。β-半乳糖苷酶的催化过程涉及通过双置换机制将糖残基从糖基供体转移到受体。当水作为受体时，水解盛行，导致生产无乳糖产品。当乳糖作为受体时，转半乳糖基化盛行，导致产生益生元寡糖。β-半乳糖苷酶也从许多来源获得，包括细菌，酵母，真菌,植物,和动物。然而,取决于β-半乳糖苷酶的来源，单体组成和它们的键可能不同，从而影响它们的性质和益生元功效。因此，食品工业中对益生元的需求不断增加以及对新寡糖的寻找迫使研究人员寻找具有不同性质的β-半乳糖苷酶的新来源。在这次审查中,我们讨论属性，催化机理，β-半乳糖苷酶的各种来源和乳糖水解特性。
