PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection that can cause influenza-like symptoms and severe disease. In Denmark, leptospirosis is rare, non-endemic, and most commonly transferred to humans from mice and rats. Cases of human leptospirosis in Denmark are by law notifiable to Statens Serum Institut. This study aimed to describe trends in incidence of leptospirosis in Denmark from 2012 to 2021. Descriptive analyses were used to calculate the incidence, geographical distribution and possible routes of infection, as well as testing capacity and serological trends. The overall incidence rate was 0.23 per 100,000 inhabitants, with the highest annual incidence of 24 cases in 2017. Men between 40-49 years old were the demographic group most commonly diagnosed with leptospirosis. August and September were the months with highest incidence over the entire study period. The most common serovar observed was Icterohaemorrhagiae, although over a third of cases were diagnosed via polymerase chain reaction alone. The most common sources of exposure reported were travel abroad, farming, and recreational contact with fresh water, the latter being a new exposure compared to previous studies. Overall, a One Health approach would ensure better detection of outbreaks and milder disease. Additionally, preventative measures should be expanded to include recreational water sports.
摘要：
钩端螺旋体病是一种人畜共患细菌感染，可引起流感样症状和严重疾病。在丹麦,钩端螺旋体病很罕见,非地方病,通常从小鼠和大鼠转移到人类。根据法律，丹麦的人类钩端螺旋体病病例应向国家血清研究所通报。这项研究旨在描述2012年至2021年丹麦钩端螺旋体病的发病率趋势。描述性分析用于计算发病率，地理分布和可能的感染途径，以及检测能力和血清学趋势。总发病率为每10万居民0.23，2017年年发病率最高，为24例。40-49岁的男性是最常被诊断为钩端螺旋体病的人口统计学群体。8月和9月是整个研究期间发病率最高的月份。观察到的最常见的血清型是肺出血，尽管超过三分之一的病例仅通过聚合酶链反应诊断。报告的最常见的接触来源是出国旅行，农业,与淡水的娱乐接触，与以前的研究相比，后者是一个新的暴露。总的来说,a“一个健康”方法将确保更好地发现暴发和较温和的疾病。此外,预防措施应扩大到包括休闲水上运动。
