Abstract：
Swing to strength hold elements are important for a top ranking on still rings, require a high level of upper body strength of the gymnasts and have not yet been scientifically investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine force requirement profiles for these elements using a dynamometric measuring system. Two force sensors attached to the cables of each ring and synchronised with video recorded the forces exerted by the gymnast. For eight swing to strength hold elements (Uprise backward to support scale straddled, Uprise backward to swallow, Uprise backward to cross, Honma to cross, Uprise backward to support scale, Kip to cross, Back kip to swallow and Uprise backward to inverted cross), the variables maximal force (Fmax), minimal force (Fmin), time over Fhold (t1-3), rate of maximal force development (RFD) and impulse (p) were analysed. Honma to cross shows the highest force requirements (Median: Fmax = 120.4% BW, Fmin = 109.8% BW, t1-3 = 882 ms, RFD = 143.93% BW/s, p = 9.85% BWs) whereas back kip to swallow shows the least (Fmax = 102.3% BW, RFD = 34.99% BW/s and p = 0.84% BW/s). The biomechanical demand profiles can be used to provide feedback to coaches and gymnasts. In future research, they should be extended with kinematic and electromyographic data.
摘要：
摆动强度保持元素对于静止环的最高排名很重要，需要高水平的体操运动员的上半身力量，尚未进行科学研究。因此,这项研究的目的是使用测力测量系统确定这些元素的力需求曲线。两个力传感器连接到每个环的电缆，并与视频记录的体操运动员施加的力同步。对于八个摆动力量保持元素(向后上升以支持跨骑的规模，向后吞下，向后交叉，Honma穿越,向后提升以支持规模，Kip交叉，向后倾斜以吞咽，向后上升以倒置），变量最大力(Fmax)，最小力（Fmin），Fhold上的时间(t1-3)，分析了最大力发展率(RFD)和冲量(p)。Honmatocrossshowsthehighestforcerequirements(Median:Fmax=120.4%BW,Fmin=109.8%BW,t1-3=882ms，RFD=143.93%BW/s,p=9.85%BW)，而吞咽的背部kip显示最小(Fmax=102.3%BW，RFD=34.99%BW/s,p=0.84%BW/s)。生物力学需求概况可用于向教练和体操运动员提供反馈。在未来的研究中,它们应该用运动学和肌电图数据进行扩展。
