Abstract：
Opioids change gut motility, and opium tincture has been used for treatment of chronic diarrhoea for centuries. However, the effects have never been documented in controlled trials. We aimed to investigate the effects of opium tincture on gastrointestinal transit and motility, frequency of bowel movements, stool consistency, gastrointestinal symptoms and sedation. Twenty healthy subjects were included in this randomized controlled trial. Opium tincture or placebo was each applied for 9 days. Gastrointestinal transit and motility were investigated with the 3D-transit system. Bowel movements and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded daily. General cognition, reaction time, memory and electroencephalography were used to assess effects on the central nervous system. Opium tincture doubled colonic transit (49 vs. 23 h, p < 0.001), decreased antegrade colonic movements (p < 0.05), reduced daily bowel movements (0.7 vs. 1.2, p < 0.001) and increased stool consistency (Type 3 vs. Type 4, p < 0.001). No changes in general cognition, reaction time or memory were observed, and minor changes of power observed by electroencephalography did not indicate sedation. This study is the first to show that opium tincture has anti-propulsive properties in the healthy gut, while no sedative effects were seen. This indicates that opium tincture is a relevant and safe treatment option in chronic diarrhoea.
摘要：
阿片类药物可改变肠道运动，鸦片tin剂已用于治疗慢性腹泻已有数百年。然而,在对照试验中从未记录过这种效应.我们的目的是研究鸦片tin对胃肠道运输和运动的影响，排便频率,大便稠度，胃肠道症状,和镇静。该随机对照试验包括20名健康受试者。分别应用鸦片酊剂或安慰剂9天。使用3D转运系统研究了胃肠道转运和运动性。每天记录肠道运动和胃肠道症状。一般认知，反应时间,记忆,和脑电图用于评估对中枢神经系统的影响。鸦片tin剂使结肠运输增加了一倍（49vs.23小时,p<0.001)，结肠顺行运动减少（p<0.05），减少每日排便（0.7vs.1.2，p<0.001)，并增加粪便稠度(3型vs.类型4，p<0.001)。一般认知没有变化，反应时间,或者记忆被观察到，脑电图观察到的功率的微小变化不表明镇静。这项研究首次表明鸦片tin在健康的肠道中具有抗推进特性，虽然没有看到镇静作用。这表明鸦片tin剂是慢性腹泻的相关且安全的治疗选择。
