Abstract：
Presently, the rising concerns about the fossil fuel crisis and ecological deterioration have greatly affected the world economy and hence have attracted attention to the utilization of renewable energies. Among the renewable energy being developed, supercapacitors hold great promise in broad applications such as electric vehicles. Presently, the main challenge facing supercapacitors is the amount of energy stored. This, however, does not satisfy the increasing demand for higher energy storage devices, and therefore, intensive research is being undertaken to overcome the challenges of low energy density. The purpose of this review is to report on solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The review discussed the PVA as a host polymer in SPEs followed by a discussion on the influence of conducting salts. The formation of SPEs as well as the ion transport mechanism in PVA SPEs were discussed. The application and development of PVA-based polymer electrolytes on supercapacitors and other energy storage devices were elucidated. The fundamentals of electrochemical characterization for analyzing the mechanism of supercapacitor applications, such as EIS, LSV and dielectric constant, are highlighted. Similarly, thermodynamic transport models of ions and their mechanism about temperature based on Arrhenius and Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) are analyzed. Methods for enhancing the electrochemical performance of PVA-based SPEs were reported. Likely challenges facing the current electrolytes are well discussed. Finally, research directions to overcome the present challenges in producing SPEs are proposed. Therefore, this review is expected to be source material for other researchers concerned with the development of PVA-based SPE material.
摘要：
目前,对化石燃料危机和生态恶化的日益关注极大地影响了世界经济，因此引起了人们对可再生能源利用的关注。在正在开发的可再生能源中，超级电容器在电动汽车等广泛应用中有着巨大的前景。目前,超级电容器面临的主要挑战是储存的能量。这个,然而,不能满足对更高储能设备日益增长的需求，因此,正在进行深入研究，以克服低能量密度的挑战。这篇综述的目的是报告基于聚乙烯醇（PVA）的固体聚合物电解质（SPE）。该综述讨论了PVA作为SPE中的主体聚合物，然后讨论了导电盐的影响。讨论了SPE的形成以及PVASPE中的离子传输机制。阐述了PVA基聚合物电解质在超级电容器和其他储能装置上的应用和发展。分析超级电容器应用机理的电化学表征基础，例如EIS，LSV和介电常数，被突出显示。同样，分析了基于Arrhenius和Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher（VTF）的离子热力学传输模型及其对温度的影响机理。报道了增强基于PVA的SPE的电化学性能的方法。很好地讨论了当前电解质面临的可能挑战。最后,提出了克服目前生产SPE面临的挑战的研究方向。因此,这篇综述有望成为其他与PVA基SPE材料开发相关的研究人员的材料来源。
