Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy is often associated with reduced sleep quality and an increase in sleep disorders, such as restless leg syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, and insomnia. There are few studies investigating the prevalence of parasomnias in pregnancy, although they may be expected to be a significant problem, as disturbed sleep in this time period in addition to these sleep disorders may trigger parasomnia episodes.
METHODS: We conducted a survey using an online questionnaire focusing on a comparison of the prevalence of parasomnias in three time periods: 3 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 3 months after delivery. We also inquired about psychiatric and neurological comorbidities, current anxiety and depression symptoms, and pregnancy complications.
RESULTS: A total of 325 women (mean age 30.3 ± 5.3 years) participated in the online survey. The overall number of reported parasomnias increased during pregnancy compared to the 3 months before pregnancy (p < 0.001) and decreased after childbirth (p < 0.001). Specifically, we found a significant increase in sleepwalking (p = 0.02) and night terrors (p < 0.001), as well as in vivid dreams (p < 0.001) and nightmares (p < 0.001) during pregnancy. A similar significant increase during pregnancy was reported for head explosion (p < 0.011). In contrast, the number of episodes of sleep paralysis increased after delivery (p = 0.008). At the individual level, an increase in the severity/frequency of individual parasomnia episodes was also observed during pregnancy. Participants whose vivid dreams/nightmares persisted after delivery had higher BDI-II and STAI-T scores. Our data also suggest a significant impact of migraines and other chronic pain, as well as complications during pregnancy, on the presence of parasomnia episodes in our cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that the prevalence of parasomnias increases during pregnancy and needs to be targeted, especially by non-pharmacological approaches. At the same time, it is necessary to inquire about psychiatric and neurological comorbidities and keep in mind that more sleep disorders may be experienced by mothers who have medical complications during pregnancy.
METHODS: We conducted a survey using an online questionnaire focusing on a comparison of the prevalence of parasomnias in three time periods: 3 months before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and 3 months after delivery. We also inquired about psychiatric and neurological comorbidities, current anxiety and depression symptoms, and pregnancy complications.
RESULTS: A total of 325 women (mean age 30.3 ± 5.3 years) participated in the online survey. The overall number of reported parasomnias increased during pregnancy compared to the 3 months before pregnancy (p < 0.001) and decreased after childbirth (p < 0.001). Specifically, we found a significant increase in sleepwalking (p = 0.02) and night terrors (p < 0.001), as well as in vivid dreams (p < 0.001) and nightmares (p < 0.001) during pregnancy. A similar significant increase during pregnancy was reported for head explosion (p < 0.011). In contrast, the number of episodes of sleep paralysis increased after delivery (p = 0.008). At the individual level, an increase in the severity/frequency of individual parasomnia episodes was also observed during pregnancy. Participants whose vivid dreams/nightmares persisted after delivery had higher BDI-II and STAI-T scores. Our data also suggest a significant impact of migraines and other chronic pain, as well as complications during pregnancy, on the presence of parasomnia episodes in our cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: We have shown that the prevalence of parasomnias increases during pregnancy and needs to be targeted, especially by non-pharmacological approaches. At the same time, it is necessary to inquire about psychiatric and neurological comorbidities and keep in mind that more sleep disorders may be experienced by mothers who have medical complications during pregnancy.
摘要：
目的：怀孕通常与睡眠质量下降和睡眠障碍增加有关，比如不宁腿综合征，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停,和失眠。很少有研究调查怀孕期间失眠症的患病率，尽管它们可能会成为一个重大问题，由于睡眠在这段时间内受到干扰，除了这些睡眠障碍外，还可能引发失眠症发作。
方法：我们使用在线问卷进行了一项调查，重点是比较三个时间段的失眠症患病率：怀孕前3个月，怀孕期间,交货后3个月。我们还询问了精神和神经合并症，目前的焦虑和抑郁症状，妊娠并发症。
结果：共有325名女性（平均年龄30.3±5.3岁）参加了在线调查。与怀孕前3个月相比，怀孕期间报告的失眠症总数增加（p<0.001），分娩后减少（p<0.001）。具体来说,我们发现梦游（p=0.02）和夜惊（p<0.001）显着增加，以及怀孕期间的生动梦境（p<0.001）和噩梦（p<0.001）。据报道，头部爆炸在怀孕期间也有类似的显着增加（p<0.011）。相比之下,分娩后睡眠麻痹发作次数增加(p=0.008).在个人层面,在怀孕期间还观察到个别失眠症发作的严重程度/频率增加.分娩后仍有生动的梦/噩梦的参与者的BDI-II和STAI-T得分较高。我们的数据还表明偏头痛和其他慢性疼痛的显著影响，以及怀孕期间的并发症，关于我们队列中是否存在失眠症发作。
结论：我们已经表明，妊娠期失眠症的患病率增加，需要有针对性，特别是通过非药理学方法。同时,有必要询问精神和神经合并症，并记住怀孕期间有医疗并发症的母亲可能会经历更多的睡眠障碍。
方法：我们使用在线问卷进行了一项调查，重点是比较三个时间段的失眠症患病率：怀孕前3个月，
结果：共有325名女性（平均年龄30.3±5.3岁）参加了在线调查。
结论：我们已经表明，妊娠期失眠症的患病率增加，需要有针对性，
