Abstract：
The Brain is vulnerable to numerous insults that can act in the pre-, peri-, and post-natal period. There is growing evidence that demonstrate how oxidative stress (OS) could represent the final common pathway of all these insults. Fetuses and newborns are particularly vulnerable to OS due to their inability to active the antioxidant defenses. Specific molecules involved in OS could be measured in biologic fluids as early biomarkers of neonatal brain injury with an essential role in neuroprotection. Although S-100B seems to be the most studied biomarker, its use in clinical practice is limited by the complexity of brain damage etiopathogenesis and the time of blood sampling in relation to the brain injury. Reliable early specific serum markers are currently lacking in clinical practice. It is essential to determine if there are specific biomarkers that can help caregivers to monitor the progression of the disease in order to active an early neuroprotective strategy. We aimed to describe, in an educational review, the actual evidence on serum biomarkers for the early identification of newborns at a high risk of neurological diseases. To move the biomarkers from the bench to the bedside, the assays must be not only be of a high sensitivity but suitable for the very rapid processing and return of the results for the clinical practice to act on. For the best prognosis, more studies should focus on the association of these biomarkers to the type and severity of perinatal brain damage.
摘要：
大脑容易受到许多侮辱，这些侮辱可以在前，pery-,和产后。越来越多的证据表明，氧化应激（OS）如何代表所有这些损伤的最终共同途径。胎儿和新生儿由于无法激活抗氧化剂防御而特别容易受到OS的影响。参与OS的特定分子可以在生物体液中作为新生儿脑损伤的早期生物标志物进行测量，在神经保护中起重要作用。虽然S-100B似乎是研究最多的生物标志物，其在临床实践中的使用受到脑损伤病因的复杂性和与脑损伤相关的采血时间的限制。目前临床实践中缺乏可靠的早期特异性血清标志物。必须确定是否有特定的生物标志物可以帮助护理人员监测疾病的进展，以便采取早期的神经保护策略。我们的目的是描述，在教育审查中，血清生物标志物早期识别神经系统疾病高风险新生儿的实际证据。把生物标志物从长凳移到床边，该测定必须不仅具有高灵敏度，而且适用于非常快速的处理和返回结果，以便临床实践采取行动。为了最好的预后，更多的研究应关注这些生物标志物与围产期脑损伤的类型和严重程度的关联.
