Abstract：
Buildings must adapt and respond dynamically to their environment to reduce their energy loads and mitigate environmental impacts. Several approaches have addressed responsive behavior in buildings, such as adaptive and biomimetic envelopes. However, biomimetic approaches lack sustainability consideration, as conducted in biomimicry approaches. This study provides a comprehensive review of biomimicry approaches to develop responsive envelopes, aiming to understand the connection between material selection and manufacturing. This review of the last five years of building construction and architecture-related studies consisted of a two-phase search query, including keywords that answered three research questions relating to the biomimicry and biomimetic-based building envelopes and their materials and manufacturing and excluding other non-related industrial sectors. The first phase focused on understanding biomimicry approaches implemented in building envelopes by reviewing the mechanisms, species, functions, strategies, materials, and morphology. The second concerned the case studies relating to biomimicry approaches and envelopes. Results highlighted that most of the existing responsive envelope characteristics are achievable with complex materials requiring manufacturing processes with no environmentally friendly techniques. Additive and controlled subtractive manufacturing processes may improve sustainability, but there is still some challenge to developing materials that fully adapt to large-scale and sustainability needs, leaving a significant gap in this field.
摘要：
建筑物必须适应和动态响应其环境，以减少其能源负荷并减轻对环境的影响。几种方法已经解决了建筑物中的响应行为，如适应性和仿生包络。然而,仿生方法缺乏可持续性考虑，在生物模拟方法中进行的。这项研究提供了对开发响应性信封的仿生方法的全面回顾，旨在了解材料选择和制造之间的联系。对过去五年的建筑和建筑相关研究的回顾包括两个阶段的搜索查询，包括回答与仿生和仿生建筑围护结构及其材料和制造有关的三个研究问题的关键词，不包括其他非相关工业部门。第一阶段的重点是通过审查机制来理解在建筑围护结构中实施的仿生方法，物种,功能,战略,材料,和形态学。第二个涉及与仿生方法和信封有关的案例研究。结果强调，大多数现有的响应包络特性都可以通过复杂的材料实现，这些材料需要制造工艺，而无需环保技术。增材制造和受控减材制造工艺可以提高可持续性，但是开发完全适应大规模和可持续性需求的材料仍然存在一些挑战，在这一领域留下了巨大的差距。
