PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The study aims to identify the mechanisms underlying the findings that will to exist, live, survive and fight (WTELS-F) optimizes executive functions. Defining executive functions (EF) as having cold (working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility) and hot (e.g., motivation) components, we hypothesized that WTELS-F affects executive functions positively via two pathways. The first pathway is through the hot executive function (motivation), and the second is via survival or existential processing. In a longitudinal study of 228 adult participants two times with ten weeks in between, we used measures for WTELS-F, working memory, inhibition, shift/cognitive flexibility, and self-motivation. We tested the structural validity of the four factors\' executive function by exploratory factor analysis in time 1 data and confirmatory factor analysis in time 2 data. We conducted structural equation modeling WTELS-F change as a latent variable predicted by the change in its three components between times 1 and 2., affecting changes in self-motivation (the hot EF), and changes in the latent variable of cold EF as predicted by changes in working memory, inhibition, and shift. Results indicated that the model of EF fit the data well without modification. WTELS-F significantly affected self-motivation (the hot EF) and the cold EF longitudinally. It had further mediated effects on cold EF via its impact on self-motivation. The results provided evidence for the two pathways hypothesis of the effects of WTELS-F on EF. The conceptual and clinical implications of these findings were discussed.
摘要：
该研究旨在确定将存在的发现的潜在机制，活,生存和战斗(WTELS-F)优化执行功能。将执行功能(EF)定义为具有冷(工作记忆，抑制,和认知灵活性)和热(例如，动机)组件，我们假设WTELS-F通过两条途径积极影响执行功能。第一个途径是通过热执行功能（动机），第二种是通过生存或存在的处理。在对228名成年参与者进行的两次纵向研究中，其间有十周的时间，我们使用了WTELS-F的措施，工作记忆,抑制,移位/认知灵活性，和自我激励。我们通过在时间1数据中的探索性因素分析和在时间2数据中的验证性因素分析测试了四个因素的执行功能的结构效度。我们进行了结构方程建模，将WTELS-F的变化作为潜在变量，该潜在变量是通过其三个分量在时间1和2之间的变化来预测的。,影响自我激励(热EF)的变化，以及由工作记忆的变化所预测的冷EF潜在变量的变化，抑制,和转变。结果表明，EF模型在没有修改的情况下很好地拟合了数据。WTELS-F纵向显着影响自我动机（热EF）和冷EF。它通过对自我动机的影响进一步介导了对冷EF的影响。该结果为WTELS-F对EF影响的两条途径假说提供了证据。讨论了这些发现的概念和临床意义。
