PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
With the discovery that 48% of cholera infections in rural Bangladesh villages could be prevented by simple filtration of unpurified waters and the detection of Vibrio cholerae aggregates in stools from cholera patients it was realized V. cholerae biofilms had a central function in cholera pathogenesis. We are currently in the seventh cholera pandemic, caused by O1 serotypes of the El Tor biotypes strains, which initiated in 1961. It is estimated that V. cholerae annually causes millions of infections and over 100,000 deaths. Given the continued emergence of cholera in areas that lack access to clean water, such as Haiti after the 2010 earthquake or the ongoing Yemen civil war, increasing our understanding of cholera disease remains a worldwide public health priority. The surveillance and treatment of cholera is also affected as the world is impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, raising significant concerns in Africa. In addition to the importance of biofilm formation in its life cycle, V. cholerae has become a key model system for understanding bacterial signal transduction networks that regulate biofilm formation and discovering fundamental principles about bacterial surface attachment and biofilm maturation. This chapter will highlight recent insights into V. cholerae biofilms including their structure, ecological role in environmental survival and infection, regulatory systems that control them, and biomechanical insights into the nature of V. cholerae biofilms.
摘要：
随着发现孟加拉国农村村庄48％的霍乱感染可以通过简单过滤未净化的水和检测霍乱患者粪便中的霍乱弧菌聚集体来预防，人们意识到霍乱弧菌生物膜在霍乱发病机理中具有重要作用。我们目前正处于第七次霍乱大流行,由ElTor生物型菌株的O1血清型引起，它始于1961年。据估计，霍乱弧菌每年导致数百万人感染，超过100,000人死亡。鉴于霍乱在缺乏清洁水的地区持续出现，例如2010年地震后的海地或正在进行的也门内战，增加我们对霍乱疾病的了解仍然是全球公共卫生的优先事项。霍乱的监测和治疗也受到影响，因为世界受到COVID-19大流行的影响，在非洲引起重大关注。除了生物膜形成在其生命周期中的重要性，霍乱弧菌已成为理解调节生物膜形成的细菌信号转导网络和发现有关细菌表面附着和生物膜成熟的基本原理的关键模型系统。本章将重点介绍霍乱弧菌生物膜的最新见解，包括其结构，在环境生存和感染中的生态作用，控制它们的监管系统，以及对霍乱弧菌生物膜性质的生物力学见解。
