Abstract：
Sinonasal neoplasms are uncommon diseases, characterized by heterogeneous biological behavior, which frequently results in challenges in differential diagnosis and treatment choice. The aim of this review was to examine the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor initiation and growth, in order to better define diagnostic and therapeutic strategies as well as the prognostic impact of these rare neoplasms. A systematic review according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis criteria was conducted between September and November 2022. The authors considered the three main histological patterns of sinonasal tumors, namely Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma, and Olfactory Neuroblastoma. In total, 246 articles were eventually included in the analysis. The genetic and epigenetic changes underlying the oncogenic process were discussed, through a qualitative synthesis of the included studies. The identification of a comprehensive model of carcinogenesis for each sinonasal cancer subtype is needed, in order to pave the way toward tailored treatment approaches and improve survival for this rare and challenging group of cancers.
摘要：
鼻窦肿瘤是不常见的疾病，以异质性生物学行为为特征，这经常导致鉴别诊断和治疗选择方面的挑战。这篇综述的目的是研究肿瘤发生和生长调控的发病机理和分子机制。为了更好地定义诊断和治疗策略以及这些罕见肿瘤的预后影响。2022年9月至11月，根据系统评价和荟萃分析标准的首选报告项目进行了系统评价。作者考虑了鼻腔鼻窦肿瘤的三种主要组织学模式，也就是鳞状细胞癌,肠型腺癌,和嗅觉神经母细胞瘤.总的来说,246篇文章最终被纳入分析。讨论了致癌过程的遗传和表观遗传变化，通过对纳入研究的定性综合。需要确定每种鼻腔鼻窦癌亚型的癌变综合模型，以便为定制治疗方法铺平道路，并提高这种罕见且具有挑战性的癌症组的生存率。
