Abstract：
Urban travel exposes people to a range of environmental qualities with significant health and wellbeing impacts. Nevertheless, the understanding of travel-related environmental exposure has remained limited. Here, we present a novel approach for population-level assessment of multiple environmental exposure for active travel. It enables analyses of (1) urban scale exposure variation, (2) alternative routes\' potential to improve exposure levels per exposure type, and (3) by combining multiple exposures. We demonstrate the approach\'s feasibility by analysing cyclists\' air pollution, noise, and greenery exposure in Helsinki, Finland. We apply an in-house developed route-planning and exposure assessment software and integrate to the analysis 3.1 million cycling trips from the local bike-sharing system. We show that especially noise exposure from cycling exceeds healthy thresholds, but that cyclists can influence their exposure by route choice. The proposed approach enables planners and individual citizens to identify (un)healthy travel environments from the exposure perspective, and to compare areas in respect to how well their environmental quality supports active travel. Transferable open tools and data further support the implementation of the approach in other cities.
摘要：
城市旅行使人们接触到一系列环境质量，对健康和福祉产生重大影响。然而，对旅行相关环境暴露的理解仍然有限。这里,我们提出了一种新的方法，用于对积极旅行的多种环境暴露进行人群水平评估。它可以分析(1)城市规模的暴露变化，(2)提高每种暴露类型的暴露水平的替代途径的潜力，和(3)通过组合多个曝光。我们通过分析骑车人的空气污染来证明该方法的可行性，噪音,和赫尔辛基的绿色植物暴露，芬兰。我们应用了内部开发的路线规划和暴露评估软件，并将来自当地自行车共享系统的310万次自行车旅行整合到分析中。我们表明，尤其是骑自行车的噪声暴露超过健康阈值，但是骑自行车的人可以通过路线选择影响他们的暴露。拟议的方法使规划者和个人公民能够从暴露角度识别（不）健康的旅行环境，并比较各地区的环境质量对积极旅行的支持程度。可转让的开放工具和数据进一步支持该方法在其他城市的实施。
