Abstract：
Interleukin-1 receptor family members (ILRs) and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) play pivotal role in immunity and inflammation and are expressed by most cell types including cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. In this context, IL-1 superfamily members are also important players in regulating function and differentiation of adaptive and innate lymphoid cells. This system is tightly regulated in order to avoid uncontrolled activation, which may lead to detrimental inflammation contributing to autoimmune or allergic responses. IL-1R8 (also known as TIR8 or SIGIRR) is a member of the IL-1R family that acts as a negative regulator dampening ILR and TLR signaling and as a co-receptor for human IL-37. Human and mouse NK cells, that are key players in immune surveillance of tumors and infections, express high level of IL-1R8. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding on the structure, expression and function of IL-1R8 and we will also discuss the emerging role of IL-1R8 as an important checkpoint regulating NK cells function in pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections.
摘要：
白细胞介素-1受体家族成员（ILR）和Toll样受体（TLR）在免疫和炎症中起关键作用，并由大多数细胞类型表达，包括先天和适应性免疫系统的细胞。在这种情况下，IL-1超家族成员在调节适应性和先天淋巴细胞的功能和分化中也是重要的参与者。这个系统是严格的调节，以避免不受控制的激活，这可能导致导致自身免疫或过敏反应的有害炎症。IL-1R8(也称为TIR8或SIGIRR)是IL-1R家族的成员,其充当抑制ILR和TLR信号传导的负调节因子并且充当人IL-37的共受体。人类和小鼠NK细胞，是肿瘤和感染免疫监视的关键角色，表达高水平的IL-1R8。在这次审查中,我们将总结我们目前对结构的理解，IL-1R8的表达和功能，我们还将讨论IL-1R8作为重要的检查点在包括癌症和病毒感染在内的病理条件下调节NK细胞功能的新作用。
