Abstract：
Pectin is a naturally occurring hydrocolloid found in the cell wall and middle lamella of many plants and has numerous functional applications in food and other related industries. The type of extraction methods used in production has a strong influence on the structural or physicochemical properties of the resultant pectin and the potential application or market value of the produced pectin. Many conventional extraction methods are well-established and commercially well adopted. However, the increased demand for pectin due to limitations of the existing methods in terms of efficiency and influence on end product quality has been renewed in developing novel techniques or procedures that help to alleviate these problems. In this review paper, a series of strategies involving the application of physical fields, such as acoustic, electromagnetic, electric and mechanical one, are reviewed for potential opportunities to improve the yield and quality attributes of pectin extracted from plant food wastes and byproducts. The extraction mechanism, processing equipment, key operating parameters as well as advantages and disadvantages of each method are systematically reviewed, and findings and conclusions on the potential applications of each method are described. Moreover, the challenges and future directions of physical field assisted extraction (PFAE) of pectin are also discussed to facilitate a better understanding of the complex mechanism in PFAE and optimizing operational parameters. This review may also provide specific theoretical information and practical applications to improve the design and scale up PFAE of pectin.
摘要：
果胶是在许多植物的细胞壁和中间层中发现的天然存在的水胶体,并且在食品和其他相关工业中具有许多功能应用。生产中使用的提取方法的类型对所得果胶的结构或物理化学性质以及所生产果胶的潜在应用或市场价值有很大影响。许多常规的提取方法已被很好地建立并且在商业上被很好地采用。然而,由于现有方法在效率和对最终产品质量的影响方面的限制，对果胶的需求增加，在开发有助于缓解这些问题的新技术或程序方面得到了更新。在这篇综述论文中，一系列涉及物理场应用的策略，比如声学，电磁，电动和机械之一，审查了提高从植物食品废物和副产品中提取的果胶的产量和质量属性的潜在机会。提取机理,加工设备,系统评述了各方法的关键操作参数和优缺点,并描述了每种方法的潜在应用的发现和结论。此外，还讨论了物理场辅助提取（PFAE）果胶的挑战和未来方向，以促进更好地理解PFAE中的复杂机理并优化操作参数。这篇综述还可能提供具体的理论信息和实际应用，以改善果胶的设计和扩大PFAE。
