Abstract：
Most of embryos fail to produce live offspring during In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET) procedure. There is a dearth of research activity addressing this problem despite the significant population of women suffering from repeated implantation failure after transfer of high-quality of embryos. As a clinically accessible option, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is often used for the treatment to improve the rates of embryo implantation. However, there are currently no evidence-based standardized protocol for the clinical use of G-CSF. G-CSF was administered into one side of mouse uterine horns and saline was infused into the other side of horns as a control. Intrauterine G-CSF administration showed maximal effects 24 h after administration in enhancing endometrial receptivity and subsequent increase of angiogenesis by demonstrating elevated integrin β3 and OPN and reduced cytotoxicity of NK cells. Furthermore, G-CSF administration 24 h prior to embryo transfer promoted the stability of attached embryos at the early stage of implantation in vitro. Our findings suggest as new consensus criteria providing a potential therapeutic strategy of the clinical use of G-CSF to achieve maximal effects of IVF-ET for patients who are suffering from repeated implantation failure with the problems with endometrial receptivity.
摘要：
在体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）过程中，大多数胚胎无法产生活的后代。尽管大量妇女在转移高质量胚胎后反复植入失败，但缺乏解决这一问题的研究活动。作为临床上可接受的选择，粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）通常用于治疗以提高胚胎植入率。然而,目前尚无基于证据的G-CSF临床应用标准化方案.将G-CSF施用到小鼠子宫角的一侧,并且将盐水注入到角的另一侧作为对照。子宫内G-CSF给药在给药后24小时显示出最大作用，通过证明整合素β3和OPN升高以及NK细胞的细胞毒性降低，增强子宫内膜容受性并随后增加血管生成。此外，胚胎移植前24小时给予G-CSF可促进体外植入早期附着胚胎的稳定性。我们的发现表明，作为新的共识标准，为临床使用G-CSF以实现IVF-ET对反复植入失败并存在子宫内膜容受性问题的患者的最大效果提供了潜在的治疗策略。
