Abstract：
Unrealistic Optimism (UO) appears when comparing participants\' risk estimates for themselves with an average peer, which typically results in lower risk estimates for the self. This article reports nuanced effects when comparison varies in terms of the gender of the peer. In three studies (total N = 2,468, representative sample), we assessed people\'s risk estimates for COVID-19 infections for peers with the same or other gender. If a peer\'s gender is not taken into account, previous studies were replicated: Compared with others, participants perceived themselves as less likely to get infected with COVID-19. Interestingly, this effect was qualified by gender: Respondents perceived women as less threatened than men because women are perceived as more cautious and compliant with medical guidelines.
摘要：
在将参与者的风险估计与普通同龄人进行比较时，会出现不切实际的乐观(UO)。这通常会导致自我的风险估计较低。本文报告了当比较因同龄人的性别而异时细微差别的影响。在三项研究中(总N=2,468，代表性样本)，我们评估了相同或其他性别的同龄人对COVID-19感染的风险估计。如果不考虑同伴的性别，以前的研究是重复的：与其他研究相比，参与者认为自己不太可能感染COVID-19。有趣的是,这种效应是由性别确定的:受访者认为女性受到的威胁比男性少,因为女性被认为更加谨慎和符合医学指南.
