Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported associations between fastidious bacteria that are difficult to grow and isolate in conventional urine culture conditions and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Because the Fully Automated Urine Particle Analyzer UF-1000i (hereinafter referred to as \"UF-1000i\") detects fastidious bacteria without being affected by culture conditions, owing to its flow cytometry-based principle, we evaluated the robustness of UF-1000i detection using clinical urine samples from patients with UTIs following ineffective antimicrobial therapy.
METHODS: A total of 150 patients diagnosed with UTIs were enrolled, and their laboratory findings were analyzed, focusing on the discrepancy in bacterial numbers between UF-1000i and conventional culture at each antimicrobial therapy effectiveness classification. In addition, gene identification was conducted by molecular analysis using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to elucidate the reason for the presence of fastidious bacteria in these samples.
RESULTS: The ineffective therapy cases showed more than 100-fold discrepancy in bacterial counts, with a higher proportion (30.8%) than effective therapy cases without secondary administration (5.7%) between the bacterial counts in UF-1000i and conventional culture methods. The presence rates of fastidious bacteria were 100% and 66.7% in discrepant cases of ineffective and effective without secondary administrations, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that discrepancies in bacterial numbers between the conventional culture method and UF-1000i measurement at the primary visit can predict the presence of fastidious bacteria, especially in cases of ineffective antimicrobial therapy.
METHODS: A total of 150 patients diagnosed with UTIs were enrolled, and their laboratory findings were analyzed, focusing on the discrepancy in bacterial numbers between UF-1000i and conventional culture at each antimicrobial therapy effectiveness classification. In addition, gene identification was conducted by molecular analysis using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to elucidate the reason for the presence of fastidious bacteria in these samples.
RESULTS: The ineffective therapy cases showed more than 100-fold discrepancy in bacterial counts, with a higher proportion (30.8%) than effective therapy cases without secondary administration (5.7%) between the bacterial counts in UF-1000i and conventional culture methods. The presence rates of fastidious bacteria were 100% and 66.7% in discrepant cases of ineffective and effective without secondary administrations, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that discrepancies in bacterial numbers between the conventional culture method and UF-1000i measurement at the primary visit can predict the presence of fastidious bacteria, especially in cases of ineffective antimicrobial therapy.
摘要：
背景：最近的研究报道了在常规尿液培养条件下难以生长和分离的挑剔细菌与尿路感染（UTI）之间的关联。因为全自动尿液颗粒分析仪UF-1000i（以下简称“UF-1000i”）检测到挑剔的细菌，而不受培养条件的影响，由于其基于流式细胞术的原理，我们使用抗菌治疗无效后的UTIs患者的临床尿液样本评估了UF-1000i检测的稳健性.
方法：共纳入150例诊断为尿路感染的患者，并分析了他们的实验室发现，重点关注UF-1000i和条件培养在每个抗菌治疗有效性分类之间的细菌数量差异。此外,通过使用16S核糖体RNA基因测序和下一代测序(NGS)的分子分析进行基因鉴定,以阐明这些样品中存在挑剔细菌的原因.
结果：治疗无效的病例显示细菌计数差异超过100倍，UF-1000i和常规培养方法的细菌计数之间的比例（30.8％）高于没有二次给药的有效治疗病例（5.7％）。在无效和无二次给药有效的不同病例中，挑剔细菌的存在率分别为100％和66.7％，分别。
结论：这项研究表明，常规培养方法与初次就诊时UF-1000i测量之间的细菌数量差异可以预测细菌的存在，尤其是在抗菌治疗无效的情况下。
方法：共纳入150例诊断为尿路感染的患者，并分析了他们的实验室发现，重点关注UF-1000i和条件培养在每个抗菌治疗有效性分类之间的细菌数量差异。此外,通过使用16S核糖体RNA基因测序和下一代测序(NGS)的分子分析进行基因鉴定,以阐明这些样品中存在挑剔细菌的原因.
结果：治疗无效的病例显示细菌计数差异超过100倍，UF-1000i和常规培养方法的细菌计数之间的比例（30.8％）高于没有二次给药的有效治疗病例（5.7％）。在无效和无二次给药有效的不同病例中，挑剔细菌的存在率分别为100％和66.7％，分别。
结论：这项研究表明，常规培养方法与初次就诊时UF-1000i测量之间的细菌数量差异可以预测细菌的存在，尤其是在抗菌治疗无效的情况下。
