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Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment for pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Encephalomalacia is one of the most common MRI findings in the preoperative evaluation of patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. This is the first study that aimed to determine the effectiveness of VNS for pharmacoresistant epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia and evaluate the potential predictors of VNS effectiveness.
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively analyzed the seizure outcomes of VNS with at least 1 year of follow-up in all patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia. Based on the effectiveness of VNS (≥50% or <50% reduction in seizure frequency), patients were divided into two subgroups: responders and non-responders. Preoperative data were analyzed to screen for potential predictors of VNS effectiveness.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 93 patients with epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia who underwent VNS therapy were recruited. Responders were found in 64.5% of patients, and 16.1% of patients achieved seizure freedom at the last follow-up. In addition, the responder rate increased over time, with 36.6, 50.5, 64.5, and 65.4% at the 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups, respectively. After multivariate analysis, seizure onset in adults (>18 years old) (OR: 0.236, 95%CI: 0.059-0.949) was found to be a positive predictor, and the bilateral interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) (OR: 3.397, 95%CI: 1.148-10.054) and the bilateral encephalomalacia on MRI (OR: 3.193, 95%CI: 1.217-8.381) were found to be negative predictors of VNS effectiveness.
UNASSIGNED: The results demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of VNS therapy in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia. Patients with seizure onset in adults (>18 years old), unilateral IEDs, or unilateral encephalomalacia on MRI were found to have better seizure outcomes after VNS therapy.
UNASSIGNED: We retrospectively analyzed the seizure outcomes of VNS with at least 1 year of follow-up in all patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia. Based on the effectiveness of VNS (≥50% or <50% reduction in seizure frequency), patients were divided into two subgroups: responders and non-responders. Preoperative data were analyzed to screen for potential predictors of VNS effectiveness.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 93 patients with epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia who underwent VNS therapy were recruited. Responders were found in 64.5% of patients, and 16.1% of patients achieved seizure freedom at the last follow-up. In addition, the responder rate increased over time, with 36.6, 50.5, 64.5, and 65.4% at the 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups, respectively. After multivariate analysis, seizure onset in adults (>18 years old) (OR: 0.236, 95%CI: 0.059-0.949) was found to be a positive predictor, and the bilateral interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) (OR: 3.397, 95%CI: 1.148-10.054) and the bilateral encephalomalacia on MRI (OR: 3.193, 95%CI: 1.217-8.381) were found to be negative predictors of VNS effectiveness.
UNASSIGNED: The results demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of VNS therapy in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy secondary to encephalomalacia. Patients with seizure onset in adults (>18 years old), unilateral IEDs, or unilateral encephalomalacia on MRI were found to have better seizure outcomes after VNS therapy.
摘要：
未经证实：迷走神经刺激（VNS）是药物抗性癫痫的辅助治疗。脑软化症是药物耐药性癫痫患者术前评估中最常见的MRI表现之一。这是第一项旨在确定VNS对继发于脑软化的药物抗性癫痫的有效性并评估VNS有效性的潜在预测因子的研究。
UNASSIGNED：我们回顾性分析了VNS的癫痫发作结果，并对所有继发于脑软化症的药物抗性癫痫患者进行了至少1年的随访。基于VNS的有效性（发作频率降低≥50％或<50％），患者分为两个亚组:应答者和非应答者.分析术前数据以筛选VNS有效性的潜在预测因子。
UNASSIGNED：共纳入93例接受VNS治疗的脑软化继发癫痫患者。在64.5%的患者中发现了响应者，16.1%的患者在最后一次随访时实现了癫痫发作自由。此外,响应率随着时间的推移而增加，在3-，分别为36.6、50.5、64.5和65.4%，6-，12-，24个月的随访,分别。经过多变量分析，成人癫痫发作（>18岁）（OR：0.236，95CI：0.059-0.949）被发现是一个积极的预测因子，双侧发作间癫痫放电（IEDs）（OR：3.397，95CI：1.148-10.054）和MRI上的双侧脑软化（OR：3.193，95CI：1.217-8.381）被发现是VNS有效性的阴性预测因子。
UNASSIGNED：结果证明了VNS治疗对继发于脑软化的药物耐药性癫痫患者的有效性和安全性。成人癫痫发作患者（>18岁），单边IED，或在MRI上发现单侧脑软化在VNS治疗后有更好的癫痫发作结局.
UNASSIGNED：我们回顾性分析了VNS的癫痫发作结果，并对所有继发于脑软化症的药物抗性癫痫患者进行了至少1年的随访。基于VNS的有效性（发作频率降低≥50％或<50％），患者分为两个亚组:应答者和非应答者.分析术前数据以筛选VNS有效性的潜在预测因子。
UNASSIGNED：共纳入93例接受VNS治疗的脑软化继发癫痫患者。在64.5%的患者中发现了响应者，16.1%的患者在最后一次随访时实现了癫痫发作自由。此外,响应率随着时间的推移而增加，在3-，分别为36.6、50.5、64.5和65.4%，6-，12-，24个月的随访,分别。经过多变量分析，成人癫痫发作（>18岁）（OR：0.236，95CI：0.059-0.949）被发现是一个积极的预测因子，双侧发作间癫痫放电（IEDs）（OR：3.397，95CI：1.148-10.054）和MRI上的双侧脑软化（OR：3.193，95CI：1.217-8.381）被发现是VNS有效性的阴性预测因子。
UNASSIGNED：结果证明了VNS治疗对继发于脑软化的药物耐药性癫痫患者的有效性和安全性。成人癫痫发作患者（>18岁），单边IED，或在MRI上发现单侧脑软化在VNS治疗后有更好的癫痫发作结局.
