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Abstract：
Endometriosis is a common reproductive disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial implants outside of the uterus. It affects ~1 in 10 women of reproductive age. Endometriosis in the ovary, also known as endometrioma (OMA), is the most frequent implantation site and the leading cause of reproductive failure in affected women. Ovarian aging is one of the characteristic features of OMA, however its underlying mechanism yet to be determined. Accumulated evidence has shown that pelvic and local microenvironments in women with OMA are manifested, causing detrimental effects on ovarian development and functions. Whilst clinical associations of OMA with poor ovarian reserve, premature ovarian insufficiency, and early menopause have been reported. Moreover, surgical ablation, fenestration, and cystectomy of OMA can further damage the normal ovarian reservoir, and trigger hyperactivation of primordial follicles, subsequently resulting in the undesired deterioration of ovarian functions. Nevertheless, there is no effective treatment to delay or restore ovarian aging. This review comprehensively summarised the pathogenesis and study hypothesis of ovarian aging caused by OMA in order to propose potential therapeutic targets and interventions for future studies.
摘要：
子宫内膜异位症是一种常见的生殖疾病，其特征是子宫外存在子宫内膜植入物。它影响10个育龄妇女的约1个。卵巢子宫内膜异位症，也被称为子宫内膜瘤（OMA），是最常见的植入部位，也是受影响妇女生殖失败的主要原因。卵巢衰老是OMA的特征之一,然而，其潜在机制尚未确定。越来越多的证据表明，OMA女性的骨盆和局部微环境表现出来，对卵巢发育和功能造成有害影响。虽然OMA与卵巢储备不足的临床关联，卵巢早衰,和更年期提前的报道。此外，手术消融,开窗术,OMA的膀胱切除术可以进一步损害正常的卵巢储库，并引发原始卵泡的过度激活，随后导致卵巢功能的不希望的恶化。然而，没有有效的治疗方法来延缓或恢复卵巢衰老。本文综合总结了OMA引起卵巢衰老的发病机制和研究假设，以期为今后的研究提出潜在的治疗靶点和干预措施。
