Abstract：
The number of rabies cases in bats has increased recently in Brazil and in the state of São Paulo, representing a new epidemiological scenario for this zoonosis. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of rabies in bats according to food habits, taxonomic classification, sex and season of the year to identify possible risk factors for rabies occurrence in bats. A retrospective analysis of 6389 records of bat samples, from different municipalities of São Paulo, submitted to rabies diagnosis and taxonomic identification was carried out at the Rabies Diagnostic and Chiroptera Laboratories of Unesp Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil, from 1998 to 2017. Seventy-six (1.1%) positive rabies cases were detected in bats from ten species and seven genera of three families. The number of rabies-positive cases was higher in the dry season, with a significant association. The prevalence was higher in the Vespertilionidae family (37), especially Myotis nigricans (19) and Eptesicus furinalis (14). Frugivorous bats had a greater association with positivity for rabies, whereas the variable \"sex\" had no association. We recommend that the surveillance and control of rabies should be undertaken primarily during the dry season, especially in the Vespertilionidae family species and other species with a frugivorous food habit.
摘要：
最近巴西和圣保罗州的蝙蝠狂犬病病例有所增加,代表了这种人畜共患病的新流行病学情景。本研究旨在根据饮食习惯分析蝙蝠狂犬病的患病率。分类学分类，确定蝙蝠狂犬病发生的可能危险因素。对6389份蝙蝠样本的记录进行回顾性分析，来自圣保罗的不同城市，提交狂犬病诊断和分类学鉴定是在UnespAraçatuba的狂犬病诊断和翼翅目实验室进行的，圣保罗,巴西,从1998年到2017年。在三个科的十个物种和七个属的蝙蝠中检测到76例（1.1％）阳性狂犬病病例。旱季狂犬病阳性病例较多,一个重要的协会。Vespertilionidae家族的患病率较高（37），尤其是黑肌炎（19）和弗氏外翻（14）。节食蝙蝠与狂犬病阳性有更大的关联，而变量“性别”没有关联。我们建议狂犬病的监测和控制应主要在旱季进行,尤其是在Vespertilionidae家族物种和其他具有节食习惯的物种中。
