关键词： 3BMBs, third bifurcation mucosal endo-bronchial biopsies AMR, antibody mediated rejection APC, antigen presenting cells AR, Acute rejection ATCMR, acute T-cell mediated rejection ATG, Anti-thymoglobulin AUC, area under curve AUROC, area under receiver operating characteristic curve B-HOT, Banff Human Organ Transplant CNI, Calcineurin inhibitors DSA, Donor specific antibodies FDA, Food and drug administration FFPE, formalin fixed paraffin embedded preparation GLUT-4, glucose transport-4 HLA, human leukocyte antigens HNMR, high nuclear magnetic resonance ILTS, International liver transplantation society LT, Liver transplantation Liver transplantation MDWG, molecular diagnostic work group MFI, mean fluorescence intensity MHC, major histo–compatibility complex MMDX MMDX, Molecular microscopic diagnostic system MMF, Mycophenolate Mofetil MToR, Mechanistic target of Rapamycin NPV, Negative predictive value PPV, Positive predictive value RATs, rejection associated transcripts TBB, trans-bronchial biopsies UNOS, United network for organ sharing and procurement biomarker dd cfDNA, donor-derived cell-free DNA donor-derived cell-free DNA immune-suppression mRNA, messenger RNA miRNA, micro-RNA micro-RNA molecular diagnosis nano-string rejection

来  源：   DOI：10.1016/j.jceh.2022.06.010   PDF(Pubmed)

Abstract：
Strategies to minimize immune-suppressive medications after liver transplantation are limited by allograft rejection. Biopsy of liver is the current standard of care in diagnosing rejection. However, it adds to physical and economic burden to the patient and has diagnostic limitations. In this review, we aim to highlight the different biomarkers to predict and diagnose acute rejection. We also aim to explore recent advances in molecular diagnostics to improve the diagnostic yield of liver biopsies.
摘要：
肝移植后尽量减少免疫抑制药物的策略受到同种异体移植排斥的限制。肝活检是目前诊断排斥反应的标准。然而,它增加了患者的身体和经济负担，并具有诊断局限性。在这次审查中,我们旨在强调预测和诊断急性排斥反应的不同生物标志物.我们还旨在探索分子诊断的最新进展，以提高肝活检的诊断率。
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