Abstract：
Improved safety and traffic efficiency are among the proclaimed benefits of automated driving functions. In many scenarios, traffic safety and efficiency can be somewhat contradictory, especially in the perception of a user. In order for potential users to accept the automated system, it is necessary to find the optimal system configuration. Therefore, it is important to understand how the factors underlying acceptance develop and interact. In this study, seven safety distances of an automated parking system were implemented resulting in parking manoeuvres of varying efficiency (in terms of required moves). Participants experienced each configuration twice and rated their perceived safety and perceived usefulness. The results show that maximizing safety distances results in high perceived safety, yet also a diminished perceived usefulness due to reduced efficiency. On the other hand, maximum efficiency leads to a lower perceived safety and thus, a reduced rating of perceived usefulness. Furthermore, in some participants, perceived safety increased gradually, while for others, a threshold effect could be observed. The results demonstrate that the specification of a sole system characteristic can have multiple effects. These have to be considered to maximize acceptance.
摘要：
提高安全性和交通效率是自动驾驶功能的公认好处之一。在许多情况下，交通安全和效率可能有些矛盾，尤其是在用户的感知中。为了让潜在用户接受自动化系统，有必要找到最优的系统配置。因此,重要的是要了解潜在的接受因素是如何发展和相互作用的。在这项研究中,实施了自动泊车系统的七个安全距离，导致泊车操作效率不同(就所需的移动而言)。参与者两次体验每种配置，并对他们的感知安全性和感知有用性进行评分。结果表明，最大化安全距离会导致较高的感知安全性，然而，由于效率降低，感知到的有用性也降低了。另一方面,最大效率导致较低的感知安全性，因此，感知有用性的评级降低。此外，在一些参与者中，感知的安全性逐渐增加，而对其他人来说,可以观察到阈值效应。结果表明，唯一系统特性的规范可能会产生多种影响。这些必须被考虑以最大限度地接受。
