Abstract：
The problem of bacteria-induced infections threatens the lives of many patients. Meanwhile, the misuse of antibiotics has led to a significant increase in bacterial resistance. There are two main ways to alleviate the issue: one is to introduce antimicrobial agents to medical devices to get local drug releasing and alleviating systemic toxicity and resistance, and the other is to develop new antimicrobial methods to kill bacteria. New antimicrobial methods include cationic polymers, metal ions, hydrophobic structures to prevent bacterial adhesion, photothermal sterilization, new biocides, etc. Biodegradable biocompatible synthetic polymers have been widely used in the medical field. They are often used in tissue engineering scaffolds as well as wound dressings, where bacterial infections in these medical devices can be serious or even fatal. However, such materials usually do not have inherent antimicrobial properties. They can be used as carriers for drug delivery or compounded with other antimicrobial materials to achieve antimicrobial effects. This review focuses on the antimicrobial behavior, preparation methods, and biocompatibility testing of biodegradable biocompatible synthetic polymers. Degradable biocompatible natural polymers with antimicrobial properties are also briefly described. Finally, the medical applications of these polymeric materials are presented.
摘要：
细菌引起的感染问题威胁着许多患者的生命。同时,抗生素的滥用导致细菌耐药性显著增加。缓解这一问题主要有两个途径:一是在医疗器械中引入抗菌药物，使局部药物释放，减轻全身毒性和耐药性，另一个是开发新的抗菌方法来杀死细菌。新的抗菌方法包括阳离子聚合物，金属离子,疏水结构，以防止细菌粘附，光热灭菌，新的杀生物剂，等。生物可降解的生物相容性合成聚合物已广泛应用于医学领域。它们通常用于组织工程支架以及伤口敷料，这些医疗设备中的细菌感染可能是严重的甚至致命的。然而,这样的材料通常不具有固有的抗微生物性质。它们可以用作药物递送的载体或与其他抗微生物材料复合以实现抗微生物效果。这篇综述的重点是抗菌行为，制备方法,和生物相容性测试可生物降解的生物相容性合成聚合物。还简要描述了具有抗微生物性质的可降解生物相容性天然聚合物。最后,介绍了这些聚合物材料的医学应用。
