PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Traumatic peripheral nerve injury occurs frequently and is a major clinical and public health problem that can lead to functional impairment and permanent disability. Despite the availability of modern diagnostic procedures and advanced microsurgical techniques, active recovery after peripheral nerve repair is often unsatisfactory. Peripheral nerve regeneration involves several critical events, including the recreation of the microenvironment and remyelination. Results from previous studies suggest that the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has a greater capacity for repair than the central nervous system. Thus, it will be important to understand myelin and myelination specifically in the PNS. This review provides an update on myelin biology and myelination in the PNS and discusses the mechanisms that promote myelin clearance after injury. The roles of Schwann cells and macrophages are considered at length, together with the possibility of exogenous intervention.
摘要：
外伤性周围神经损伤经常发生，是一个主要的临床和公共卫生问题，可导致功能障碍和永久性残疾。尽管有现代诊断程序和先进的显微外科技术，周围神经修复后的主动恢复通常不令人满意。周围神经再生涉及几个关键事件，包括微环境的重建和髓鞘再生。先前研究的结果表明，周围神经系统（PNS）比中枢神经系统具有更大的修复能力。因此，特别是在PNS中了解髓鞘和髓鞘形成将是重要的。这篇综述提供了有关PNS中髓鞘生物学和髓鞘形成的最新信息，并讨论了促进损伤后髓鞘清除的机制。雪旺氏细胞和巨噬细胞的作用被认为是长度，以及外源性干预的可能性。
