Abstract：
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly prevalent and potential progressive condition with life-threatening consequences. Glomerular diseases (glomerulopathies) are causes of CKD that are potentially amenable by specific therapies. Significant resources have been invested in the identification of novel biomarkers of CKD progression and new targets for treatment. By using experimental models of kidney diseases, periostin has been identified amongst the most represented matricellular proteins that are commonly involved in the inflammation and fibrosis that characterize progressive kidney diseases. Periostin is highly expressed during organogenesis, with scarce expression in mature healthy tissues, but it is upregulated in multiple disease settings characterized by tissue injury and remodeling. Periostin was the most highly expressed matriceal protein in both animal models and in patients with glomerulopathies. Given that periostin is readily secreted from injury sites, and the variations in its humoral levels compared to the normal state were easily detectable, its potential role as a biomarker is suggested. Moreover, periostin expression was correlated with the degree of histological damage and with kidney function decline in patients with CKD secondary to both inflammatory (IgA nephropathy) and non-inflammatory (membranous nephropathy) glomerulopathies, while also displaying variability secondary to treatment response. The scope of this review is to summarize the existing evidence that supports the role of periostin as a novel biomarker in glomerulopathies.
摘要：
慢性肾脏疾病（CKD）是一种非常普遍和潜在的进行性疾病，具有危及生命的后果。肾小球疾病（肾小球疾病）是CKD的病因，可能会受到特定疗法的影响。已经投入了大量资源来鉴定CKD进展的新型生物标志物和新的治疗靶标。通过使用肾脏疾病的实验模型，骨膜素已被鉴定为最具代表性的基质细胞蛋白，这些蛋白通常与进行性肾脏疾病的炎症和纤维化有关。骨膜素在器官发生过程中高度表达，在成熟的健康组织中很少表达，但它在以组织损伤和重塑为特征的多种疾病环境中上调。在动物模型和肾小球疾病患者中，骨膜蛋白是表达最高的基质蛋白。鉴于骨膜素容易从损伤部位分泌，与正常状态相比，其体液水平的变化很容易检测到，提示其作为生物标志物的潜在作用。此外，骨膜素的表达与炎性（IgA肾病）和非炎性（膜性肾病）肾小球病变继发的CKD患者的组织学损伤程度和肾功能下降相关，同时也显示出继发于治疗反应的变异性。本综述的范围是总结支持骨膜素作为肾小球疾病新型生物标志物的作用的现有证据。
