Abstract：
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most popular malignancies globally, with 930 000 deaths in 2020. The evaluation of CRC-related pathogenesis and the discovery of potential therapeutic targets will be meaningful and helpful for improving CRC treatment. With huge efforts made in past decades, the systematic treatment regimens have been applied to improve the prognosis of CRC patients. However, the sensitivity of CRC to chemotherapy and targeted therapy is different from person to person, which is an important cause of treatment failure. The emergence of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models shows great potential to alleviate the straits. PDX models possess similar genetic and pathological characteristics as the features of primary tumors. Moreover, PDX has the ability to mimic the tumor microenvironment of the original tumor. Thus, the PDX model is an important tool to screen precise drugs for individualized treatment, seek predictive biomarkers for prognosis supervision, and evaluate the unknown mechanism in basic research. This paper reviews the recent advances in constructed methods and applications of the CRC PDX model, aiming to provide new knowledge for CRC basic research and therapeutics.
摘要：
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，2020年有93万人死亡。评估CRC相关的发病机制并发现潜在的治疗靶标将对改善CRC治疗具有重要意义。经过过去几十年的巨大努力，系统性治疗方案已被用于改善CRC患者的预后。然而,CRC对化疗和靶向治疗的敏感性因人而异，这是治疗失败的重要原因。患者源性异种移植（PDX）模型的出现显示出缓解海峡的巨大潜力。PDX模型具有与原发性肿瘤相似的遗传和病理特征。此外，PDX具有模拟原始肿瘤的肿瘤微环境的能力。因此，PDX模型是筛选精准药物进行个体化治疗的重要工具,寻找预后监测的预测性生物标志物，并在基础研究中评估未知的机制。本文综述了CRC-PDX模型的构造方法和应用的最新进展,旨在为CRC基础研究和治疗提供新的知识。
