Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the main evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of hearing loss in children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years.
METHODS: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on childhood hearing loss were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians\' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association\'s guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions.
RESULTS: The evaluation and diagnosis of hearing loss: universal newborn hearing screening, laboratory testing, congenital infections (especially cytomegalovirus), genetic testing and main syndromes, radiologic imaging studies, vestibular assessment of children with hearing loss, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and noise-induced hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Every child with suspected hearing loss has the right to diagnosis and appropriate treatment if necessary. This task force considers 5 essential rights: (1) Otolaryngologist consultation; (2) Speech assessment and therapy; (3) Diagnostic tests; (4) Treatment; (5) Ophthalmologist consultation.
METHODS: Task force members were educated on knowledge synthesis methods, including electronic database search, review and selection of relevant citations, and critical appraisal of selected studies. Articles written in English or Portuguese on childhood hearing loss were eligible for inclusion. The American College of Physicians\' guideline grading system and the American Thyroid Association\'s guideline criteria were used for critical appraisal of evidence and recommendations for therapeutic interventions.
RESULTS: The evaluation and diagnosis of hearing loss: universal newborn hearing screening, laboratory testing, congenital infections (especially cytomegalovirus), genetic testing and main syndromes, radiologic imaging studies, vestibular assessment of children with hearing loss, auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and noise-induced hearing loss.
CONCLUSIONS: Every child with suspected hearing loss has the right to diagnosis and appropriate treatment if necessary. This task force considers 5 essential rights: (1) Otolaryngologist consultation; (2) Speech assessment and therapy; (3) Diagnostic tests; (4) Treatment; (5) Ophthalmologist consultation.
摘要：
目的：概述用于诊断0至18岁儿童和青少年听力损失的主要循证建议。
方法：对工作组成员进行了知识综合方法的教育，包括电子数据库搜索，审查和选择相关引文，以及对选定研究的批判性评估。用英语或葡萄牙语撰写的有关儿童听力损失的文章有资格纳入。美国医师学会的指南分级系统和美国甲状腺协会的指南标准被用于对治疗干预措施的证据和建议的关键评估。
结果：听力损失的评估和诊断：通用新生儿听力筛查，实验室测试,先天性感染（尤其是巨细胞病毒），基因检测和主要综合征，放射学成像研究，听力损失儿童的前庭评估，听觉神经病变谱系障碍，自闭症谱系障碍，和噪声引起的听力损失。
结论：每个疑似听力损失的儿童都有权在必要时进行诊断和适当治疗。该工作组考虑了5项基本权利：（1）耳鼻喉科医师咨询；（2）言语评估和治疗；（3）诊断测试；（4）治疗；（5）眼科医生咨询。
方法：对工作组成员进行了知识综合方法的教育，包括电子数据库搜索，审查和选择相关引文，以及对选定研究的批判性评估。用英语或葡萄牙语撰写的有关儿童听力损失的文章有资格纳入。美国医师学会的指南分级系统和美国甲状腺协会的指南标准被用于对治疗干预措施的证据和建议的关键评估。
结果：听力损失的评估和诊断：通用新生儿听力筛查，实验室测试,先天性感染（尤其是巨细胞病毒），基因检测和主要综合征，放射学成像研究，听力损失儿童的前庭评估，听觉神经病变谱系障碍，自闭症谱系障碍，和噪声引起的听力损失。
结论：每个疑似听力损失的儿童都有权在必要时进行诊断和适当治疗。该工作组考虑了5项基本权利：（1）耳鼻喉科医师咨询；（2）言语评估和治疗；（3）诊断测试；（4）治疗；（5）眼科医生咨询。
