Abstract：
Maize (Zea mays L.) represents the main caloric source for much of the world\'s population. Pigmented maize varieties are an excellent source of nutraceutical compounds: blue and yellow maize are rich in anthocyanins as well as carotenoids and phenolic acids, respectively. However, blue maize is usually grown in small quantities as a specialty crop because it lacks the qualities and adaptations of commercial white and yellow varieties. Here, a new high-yield variety of blue maize called Vitamaiz was developed from inbred lines of subtropical blue, white, and yellow maize. The aim of this study was to characterize the nutraceutical and physical properties of 30 Vitamaiz hybrids in two subtropical locations. Kernel physical traits, nutrient composition, and nutraceutical components (free phenolic acids, FPA; cell wall-bound phenolic acids, BPA; total monomeric anthocyanin content, TAC; antioxidant capacity, AOX by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay, and total carotenoid content, TCC) were evaluated. The biophysical traits of the hybrids were suitable for nixtamalized and flour maize industries. High levels of FPA (228 mg GAE/100 g), BPA (635 mg GAE/100 g), and AOX (2.0 and 8.1 mM Trolox equivalent/100 g for FPA and BPA, respectively) were also detected with elevated TAC levels (274 mg C3G/kg dw) and AOX activity (3.1 mM Trolox equivalent/100 g). This is the first study to characterize Blue × Yellow maize hybrids that adapt to subtropical environments.
摘要：
玉米（ZeamaysL.）是世界上许多人口的主要热量来源。色素玉米品种是营养化合物的极好来源：蓝色和黄色玉米富含花青素以及类胡萝卜素和酚酸，分别。然而,蓝色玉米通常作为特殊作物少量种植，因为它缺乏商业白色和黄色品种的品质和适应性。这里,一种名为Vitamaiz的蓝玉米高产新品种是从亚热带蓝的自交系中开发出来的，白色,和黄色玉米。这项研究的目的是表征两个亚热带地区30种Vitamaiz杂种的营养和物理性质。内核物理特征，营养成分,和营养保健成分(游离酚酸，FPA；细胞壁结合的酚酸，BPA；总单体花色苷含量，TAC；抗氧化能力，AOX通过氧自由基吸收能力测定，和总类胡萝卜素含量，TCC）进行了评估。杂种的生物物理性状适用于玉米和面粉玉米工业。高水平的FPA（228mgGAE/100g），BPA（635mgGAE/100g），和AOX（FPA和BPA的2.0和8.1mMTrolox当量/100g，分别）还检测到TAC水平升高（274mgC3G/kgdw）和AOX活性（3.1mMTrolox当量/100g）。这是第一个描述适应亚热带环境的蓝×黄玉米杂交种的研究。
