Abstract：
The development of Fusarium head blight (FHB)-resistant winter wheat cultivars using the gene Fhb1 has been conducted in northern China. Sumai 3, a Chinese FHB-resistant spring wheat cultivar, carries three FHB resistance genes: Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5. To better use these genes for increasing FHB resistance in northern China, it is necessary to elucidate the pyramiding effects of Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 in winter wheat backgrounds. Eight gene combinations involving Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 were identified in a double haploid (DH) population, and the effects on FHB resistance were evaluated in six tests. At the single gene level, Fhb1 was more efficient than the other two genes in single-floret inoculation tests, whereas Fhb5 showed better resistance than Fhb1 and Fhb2 under a natural infection test. Pyramiding Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 showed better FHB resistance than the other gene combinations. Forty-nine DH lines showing consistently better resistance than the moderately susceptible control Huaimai 20 in multiple tests were evaluated for main agronomic traits, and no difference in grain yield was found between the mean values of DH lines and the recipient parents Lunxuan 136 and Lunxuan 6, which are higher than those of recipient parent Zhoumai 16 and the donor parent Sumai 3 (p < 0.05). Based on the phenotypic and genomic composition analyses, five promising DH lines fully combined the FHB resistance of donor Sumai 3 and the elite agronomic traits from the recipient parents. This study elucidates the pyramiding effects of three FHB resistance genes and that the promising DH lines with resistance to FHB can be directly applied in wheat production or as parents in winter wheat breeding programs.
摘要：
已在中国北方使用Fhb1基因开发了抗枯萎病（FHB）的冬小麦品种。中国抗FHB春小麦品种Sumai3，携带三个FHB抗性基因：Fhb1、Fhb2和Fhb5。为了更好地利用这些基因来提高中国北方的FHB抗性，有必要阐明Fhb1，Fhb2和Fhb5在冬小麦背景下的金字塔效应。在双单倍体（DH）种群中鉴定出涉及Fhb1，Fhb2和Fhb5的八个基因组合，在六个测试中评估了对FHB抗性的影响。在单基因水平,在单小花接种试验中，Fhb1比其他两个基因更有效，而Fhb5在自然感染试验下显示出比Fhb1和Fhb2更好的抗性。PyramidingFhb1，Fhb2和Fhb5显示出比其他基因组合更好的FHB抗性。对49个DH品系的主要农艺性状进行了评估，这些品系在多个测试中始终表现出比中度易感对照淮麦20更好的抗性，DH系与受体亲本伦轩136和伦轩6的平均值之间的谷物产量没有差异，高于受体亲本周麦16和供体亲本苏迈3的平均值（p＆lt;0.05）。基于表型和基因组组成分析，五个有希望的DH品系充分结合了供体Sumai3的FHB抗性和受体亲本的优良农艺性状。这项研究阐明了三个FHB抗性基因的金字塔效应，并且对FHB具有抗性的有希望的DH品系可以直接应用于小麦生产或作为冬小麦育种计划的亲本。
