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Abstract：
Background Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a rare, aggressive and malignant sinonasal tumour. This tumour makes for a very interesting study because ever since its mention in medical literature, although quite a lot of research has been put into it, a lot is yet to be known about it. Aim To summarize the available literature & document an article on the contemporary practises in the management of ENB. Methods A comprehensive literature review was done using Google Scholar and PubMed database with the key words: \"esthesioneuroblastoma\", \"olfactory neuroblastoma\", \"Kadish\" and \"Hyams\". Articles published in English were used. Articles published till April 2021 were reviewed. Conclusion ENB has a diverse histological appearance. This tumour has a bimodal age distribution without any gender predilection. Prompt identification and treatment is required for a favourable outcome and requires close collaboration of radiology, pathology, and rhinology. Staging, management and prognosis are determined by regional involvement in non-metastatic cases due to its proximity to neurological structures and locally destructive nature. Immunohistochemistry is a must for accurate diagnosis. Uni-modality of treatment has high chances of local recurrence. Multi-modality provides good results even in advanced stage. A combination of surgery and radiotherapy seems to be the optimum approach to treatment. The exact role of chemotherapy in treatment protocols is still unclear. Cervical lymph node metastases are commonly studied, however its management in patients who present without apparent nodal involvement is not yet clear. An extended follow-up period is recommended in all patients of ENB patients.
摘要：
研究背景真性神经母细胞瘤(ENB)是一种罕见的,侵袭性和恶性鼻窦肿瘤。这种肿瘤是一项非常有趣的研究，因为自从医学文献中提到它以来，尽管已经进行了很多研究，对此还有很多事情要知道。目的总结现有文献和文献，介绍ENB管理中的当代实践。方法使用GoogleScholar和PubMed数据库进行全面的文献综述，关键词为“美学神经母细胞瘤”，“嗅觉神经母细胞瘤”，\"Kadish\"和\"Hyams\"。使用英文发表的文章。对截至2021年4月发表的文章进行了审查。结论ENB具有多样的组织学外观。该肿瘤具有双峰年龄分布，没有任何性别偏爱。为了获得有利的结果，需要及时的识别和治疗，并且需要放射学的密切合作，病理学,和鼻学。分期,非转移性病例的治疗和预后取决于其与神经结构的接近性和局部破坏性。免疫组织化学是准确诊断的必要条件。单一方式的治疗有很高的机会局部复发。即使在高级阶段，多模态也能提供良好的效果。手术和放疗相结合似乎是最佳的治疗方法。化疗在治疗方案中的确切作用尚不清楚。颈淋巴结转移通常被研究，然而，对于没有明显淋巴结受累的患者，其治疗方法尚不清楚。对于ENB患者的所有患者，建议延长随访期。
